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2020年輪式谷物收獲機市場發(fā)展趨勢預(yù)判
2020-08-12
09:08:11
來源:中國農(nóng)機工業(yè)協(xié)會企業(yè)管理委員會 閱讀量:16639
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導(dǎo)讀:前幾年,受自走履帶式谷物收獲機械大范圍跨區(qū)作業(yè)沖擊,疊加市場飽和度高,機手收益不佳、投資回收期延長、客戶對新產(chǎn)品迭代更新的顧慮和觀望等因素影響,導(dǎo)致市場自2015年的4.5萬臺規(guī)模,逐步下降到去年的1.7萬臺。近兩年,市場進入到產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整期。
【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 市場行情】 一、2020年上半年市場運行分析
1.總體運行情況
前幾年,受自走履帶式谷物
收獲機大范圍跨區(qū)作業(yè)沖擊,疊加市場飽和度高,機手收益不佳、投資回收期延長、客戶對新產(chǎn)品迭代更新的顧慮和觀望等因素影響,導(dǎo)致市場自2015年的4.5萬臺規(guī)模,逐步下降到去年的1.7萬臺。近兩年,市場進入到產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整期。
根據(jù)中國農(nóng)機工業(yè)協(xié)會企業(yè)管理委員會統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù),2020年1-5月份,自走輪式谷物收獲機行業(yè)骨干企業(yè)累計生產(chǎn)1.66萬臺,同比增長17.1%;累計銷售1.74萬臺,同比增長22.4%。
2.產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)變化
隨著谷物、大豆、雜糧、葵花、玉米籽粒等不同作物細(xì)分收獲市場的不斷拓展,客戶對產(chǎn)品的多功能要求越來越高。基于此需求,以雷沃谷神GM系列為代表的中型縱軸流產(chǎn)品需求比重進一步增長。通過下圖的對比可以發(fā)現(xiàn),縱軸流谷物收獲機銷售占比,由去年的10%增加到了今年的15%。
3.區(qū)域需求變化
從自走輪式谷物收獲機幾個主要市場需求來看,除陜西受補貼額度下調(diào)影響,銷售與去年基本持平外,其余7個省銷量均同比增長20%以上,尤其是天津和安徽,增幅分別達(dá)到了130%和110%。
二、市場反彈原因分析
自走輪式谷物收獲機市場在經(jīng)歷了連續(xù)五年的下行運行之后,今年出現(xiàn)反彈,其中既有國家系列惠農(nóng)政策的推動,也有種糧收益增加,農(nóng)民工回鄉(xiāng)從事農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù),新增購機用戶的影響。
1.產(chǎn)業(yè)環(huán)境變化
國家加大支持新型經(jīng)營主體,加強合作社、家庭農(nóng)場等新型經(jīng)營主體的建設(shè),支持發(fā)展訂單農(nóng)業(yè),鼓勵“產(chǎn)+銷”一體化經(jīng)營, 給予新型經(jīng)營主體建設(shè)資金補貼,購機累加補貼,給予放款貸款、貼息補貼等政策支持。如甘肅省,推進“一鄉(xiāng)一社”試點,即農(nóng)機合作社裝備提升行動試點建設(shè),鼓勵市縣財政在國家補貼的基礎(chǔ)上對糧食生產(chǎn)機具實行累加補貼。現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)加快以及農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的變化,進一步促進了市場增長和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整。
2.國家糧食安全提到新高度
因新冠肺炎疫情影響,以及部分國家對糧食出口進行限制,國家為保障糧食安全,出臺各種積極政策來促進農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),如增加種植面積,提高農(nóng)作物質(zhì)量等,直接促進了農(nóng)業(yè)種植業(yè)發(fā)展、也帶動了農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展。從國家統(tǒng)計局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)來看,1-5月份,農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)業(yè)方面的投資增長了13.3%。
3.農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)新增購機客戶
同時因疫情影響,多數(shù)企業(yè)經(jīng)營出現(xiàn)困難,出現(xiàn)減員情況。尤其是以農(nóng)民工雇傭較多的小微企業(yè),使得今年外出務(wù)工難度驟然增加。從統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)來看,1-4月份城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)354萬人,比上年同期少增105萬人,說明就業(yè)規(guī)模在明顯縮小。同時城鎮(zhèn)失業(yè)率也高于去年同期,4月份的城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率比上年同期高出1個百分點,也進一步說明就業(yè)難、就業(yè)壓力大。在農(nóng)民工4月份仍然沒有找到工作的情況下,出現(xiàn)不得不回流的現(xiàn)象。為了提高家庭收入,投資回報率相對穩(wěn)定、從事作業(yè)時間相對較短的農(nóng)業(yè)裝備產(chǎn)品,成了這部分客戶群體的投資選擇之一,也直接促進了市場的進一步增長。2020年,新增客戶20%,為近三年新高。從今年調(diào)研的客戶群體年齡結(jié)構(gòu)來看,45歲及以下客戶群體比重增加3.9個百分點,與打工主力群體的年齡相吻合。
三、2020年輪式谷物收獲機械市場走勢預(yù)測
國內(nèi)輪式谷物收獲機械市場,市場保有量呈現(xiàn)飽和狀態(tài),市場總體上已經(jīng)進入到存量更新、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的成熟期。同時,國家及地方各項政策也更趨穩(wěn)定和規(guī)范。
今年雖然因疫情影響,2月份及3月上旬市場運行幾乎處于停滯狀態(tài),但進入3月中旬后,隨著作業(yè)季臨近、以及國家和地方對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的支持,客戶前期積壓的購機需求得到快速釋放,導(dǎo)致自3月份下旬開始,客戶進入集中提機的狀態(tài),甚至部分區(qū)域,呈現(xiàn)客戶持幣待購的情況。
隨著中原客戶對以雷沃谷神GM為代表的中型縱軸流谷物收獲機械,小麥、水稻、玉米、大豆等多谷物收獲功能的認(rèn)可,之前的觀望和顧慮明顯減少,今年更新?lián)Q代升級購買中型縱軸流谷物收獲機械產(chǎn)品的客戶呈現(xiàn)明顯增長趨勢。同時因今年疫情影響,新增客戶增加明顯,也促進了上半年市場呈現(xiàn)恢復(fù)性增長,增長25%以上,但總量較前期中位階段還存在明顯差距,總體上還處于低位運行階段。
目前,谷物、大豆、玉米籽粒直收、雜糧、葵花等作物機收率較低,收獲需求將進一步增長。下半年整體市場需求預(yù)計相對穩(wěn)定,2020全年整體市場預(yù)計2萬臺左右,同比增長約20%。(中國農(nóng)機工業(yè)協(xié)會企業(yè)管理委員會)
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