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上半年我國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化強勁發(fā)展

2020-08-12 08:44:49 來源:農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機化管理司 閱讀量:22054 評論

導讀:今年上半年,主要農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量全面回升,大馬力拖拉機、小麥收獲機、玉米收獲機和插秧機產(chǎn)銷量均實現(xiàn)正增長。

  【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 市場行情】今年以來,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門、工業(yè)和信息化部門會同有關(guān)部門認真貫徹總書記重要指示精神和黨中央國務(wù)院決策部署,深入落實《國務(wù)院關(guān)于加快推進農(nóng)業(yè)機械化和農(nóng)機裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的指導意見》,統(tǒng)籌推進疫情防控和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟有關(guān)工作,農(nóng)業(yè)機械化呈現(xiàn)強勁發(fā)展勢頭,農(nóng)機裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)出現(xiàn)回暖跡象,為夏糧豐收及農(nóng)業(yè)各產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展提供了有力支撐。
 
  (一)重視支持力度空前,政策落實落地進度快。總書記對全國春季農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)作出重要指示,強調(diào)要加強農(nóng)業(yè)機械化等現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),提升農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新水平并加快推廣應(yīng)用。中央一號文件部署啟動實施東北黑土地保護性耕作行動計劃,調(diào)整完善農(nóng)機購置補貼范圍,加快農(nóng)業(yè)機械研發(fā)和應(yīng)用,支持丘陵山區(qū)農(nóng)田宜機化改造。全國人大常委會*開展《農(nóng)業(yè)機械化促進法》執(zhí)法檢查。政府工作報告強調(diào)完善農(nóng)機補貼政策,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、財政部、商務(wù)部聯(lián)合印發(fā)《農(nóng)業(yè)機械報廢更新補貼實施指導意見》,工業(yè)和信息化部、交通運輸部、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部聯(lián)合采取多項措施支持農(nóng)機企業(yè)復工復產(chǎn)。各地加快貫徹《國務(wù)院關(guān)于加快推進農(nóng)業(yè)機械化和農(nóng)機裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的指導意見》,30個省份已出臺地方實施意見,各項政策措施加快落實落地。截至7月31日,中央財政農(nóng)機購置補貼資金實施114.8億元,實施進度67.5%,扶持121萬農(nóng)戶補貼購置各類農(nóng)機具141萬臺套。中央財政安排16億元支持東北四省(區(qū))開展保護性耕作,實施面積達4600多萬畝,完成年度目標任務(wù)的115%,38個縣實現(xiàn)整體推進。重慶、山西、湖北、湖南、廣西、甘肅等省份共計投入15億元資金,開展農(nóng)田宜機化改造。
 
  (二)抗疫保糧作用凸顯,農(nóng)機作業(yè)水平創(chuàng)新高。各地大力推行備耕在線化、服務(wù)社會化、裝備智能化、技術(shù)綠色化,有力應(yīng)對疫情,充分發(fā)揮農(nóng)機在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的主力軍作用,農(nóng)機作業(yè)水平創(chuàng)歷史新高。春耕春播期間,全國超過2200萬臺套農(nóng)機具投入生產(chǎn),7萬多家農(nóng)機合作社就近代耕代種,20多萬家農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)組織開展生產(chǎn)托管服務(wù)。“三夏”期間,各地投入各類農(nóng)機具1640萬臺套,其中,參加跨區(qū)作業(yè)的聯(lián)合收割機達27.6萬臺。北方春玉米機播率近97%,南方早稻機種率同比提高近6個百分點達42%,冬小麥機收率達97%,其中,黃淮海地區(qū)冬小麥機收率、夏玉米機播率分別達99%、93%,夏收、夏種、夏管全程機械化水平進一步提升。各地圍繞保障重要農(nóng)時農(nóng)機安全作業(yè),認真落實全國安全生產(chǎn)專項整治三年行動計劃,開展農(nóng)機安全生產(chǎn)專項整治,上半年未發(fā)生較大以上事故,農(nóng)機事故起數(shù)、直接經(jīng)濟損失較上年同期均大幅下降,安全生產(chǎn)形勢平穩(wěn)。
 
  (三)發(fā)展領(lǐng)域加快拓展,全面機械化呈現(xiàn)新氣象。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)《關(guān)于加快畜牧業(yè)機械化發(fā)展的意見》《關(guān)于加快推進設(shè)施種植機化發(fā)展的意見》,組織各省份將支持生豬等畜產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)的自動飼喂、環(huán)境控制、疫病防控、廢棄物處理等機具裝備納入補貼范圍,補貼購置畜牧機械7.7萬臺套,同比增長一倍,推動了畜牧機械化加快發(fā)展;在13個省份開展溫室大棚補貼試點,發(fā)布蔬菜生產(chǎn)機械化技術(shù)與機具選型指南,引導南菜北運大省和設(shè)施蔬菜重點省份推廣應(yīng)用蔬菜精量播種機具、移栽機械和收獲采摘平臺等新裝備,有力支持疫情防控期間蔬菜生產(chǎn)供應(yīng)。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、財政部將茶葉色選機、茶葉輸送機、茶葉壓扁機、果樹修剪機、食用菌料裝瓶(袋)機、果園軌道運輸機、秸稈收集機等7類丘陵山區(qū)特色產(chǎn)品納入全國補貼范圍,支持貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)機械化發(fā)展。自動駕駛拖拉機、無人插秧機、植保無人飛機等智能農(nóng)機裝備加快應(yīng)用,補貼購置農(nóng)用植保無人飛機4000多架,比上年同期大幅增長。
 
  (四)農(nóng)機裝備產(chǎn)銷先抑后揚,市場出現(xiàn)回暖跡象。農(nóng)機裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)逐步克服疫情影響,從低迷中迅速恢復,3月份以來,農(nóng)機生產(chǎn)企業(yè)抓緊復工復產(chǎn),規(guī)模以上農(nóng)機企業(yè)產(chǎn)銷主要指標由下行轉(zhuǎn)為全面回升,行業(yè)明顯回暖向好。主要農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量全面回升,大馬力拖拉機、小麥收獲機、玉米收獲機和插秧機產(chǎn)銷量均實現(xiàn)正增長。1—5月,大型拖拉機產(chǎn)量同比增長21.9%、銷量同比增長20.3%;玉米、水稻收獲機產(chǎn)量同比增長0.34%,銷量同比增長1.8%;水稻插秧機產(chǎn)量同比增長16.5%,銷量同比增長3.7%;打捆機產(chǎn)量同比增長48.8%,銷量同比增長111.9%。1—5月,全國1586家規(guī)模以上農(nóng)機企業(yè)主營業(yè)務(wù)收入869.3億元,利潤總額43.7億元,同比增加30.0%。農(nóng)機新產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)制進展喜人,國家農(nóng)機裝備創(chuàng)新中心建設(shè)取得新進展,“智能農(nóng)機裝備”國家重點研發(fā)專項積極推進,1600多個產(chǎn)品通過農(nóng)機試驗鑒定,可實現(xiàn)分段與聯(lián)合收獲轉(zhuǎn)換的油菜機械化收獲成套裝備大面積示范推廣,水稻有序拋秧機、插秧同步側(cè)深施肥機在雙季稻區(qū)實現(xiàn)規(guī)?;瘧?yīng)用。
 
  當前,各地正組織農(nóng)業(yè)機械全力以赴投入抗?jié)尘葹?,同時抓緊開展早稻搶收、晚稻搶插、秋糧田間管理等生產(chǎn)作業(yè),大力推廣應(yīng)用畜牧、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品初加工等機械化新技術(shù)新裝備,為堅決奪取全年糧食豐收、抓好生豬等重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品穩(wěn)產(chǎn)保供提供有力機械化支撐。
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