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大豆提質固氮綠色增產ARC耦合技術助力內蒙古大豆增產10％以上

2024-10-06 09:15:54 來源：內蒙古自治區(qū)農牧廳 閱讀量：19782 評論

導讀：10月2日，由自治區(qū)農牧廳牽頭，自治區(qū)農牧業(yè)技術推廣中心組織專家對興安盟科右前旗大豆提質固氮綠色增產ARC耦合關鍵技術示范區(qū)進行了實收測產。

　　【農機網 科技創(chuàng)新】 金秋十月，收獲在望！10月2日，由自治區(qū)農牧廳牽頭，自治區(qū)農牧業(yè)技術推廣中心組織專家對興安盟科右前旗大豆提質固氮綠色增產ARC耦合關鍵技術示范區(qū)進行了實收測產。農業(yè)農村部科學技術司科技規(guī)劃處副處長楊琴，全國農業(yè)技術推廣服務中心經作處處長湯松，中國農業(yè)科學院油料作物研究所副所長王新發(fā)、院士李培武，自治區(qū)農牧廳副廳長趙玉生、科技處處長郭曉林，自治區(qū)農牧業(yè)技術推廣中心副主任朱玉成、高級農藝師高杰參加測產。
 
　　測產田塊位于科右前旗歸流河鎮(zhèn)永安嘎查，連片6000畝種植。測產專家組由來自全國農技推廣服務中心、南京農業(yè)大學、吉林省農科院等多家單位、科研院校的9位專家組成，其中1位是農業(yè)農村部大豆專家指導組副組長，2位是國家大豆產業(yè)技術體系崗位科學家，4位是國家大豆產業(yè)技術體系試驗站站長。
 
　　經過專家組實地踏查，分別選取有代表性的ARC菌劑處理田塊和對照田塊進行機械實收，經過測量面積、稱重、測水后，按標準水13%折合畝產。最終，ARC菌劑處理組實收20.61畝，折合畝產229.63公斤；對照組實收5.5畝，折合畝產207.73公斤，ARC處理組比對照組畝均增產21.9公斤，增幅10.54%，增產效果顯著。
 
　　大豆提質固氮綠色增產ARC耦合技術是中國農業(yè)科學院油料作物研究所李培武院士團隊研發(fā)的一項原創(chuàng)性技術，2024年被遴選為農業(yè)農村部農業(yè)重大引領性技術。該技術從源頭阻控花生黃曲霉毒素的同時促進了花生結瘤固氮，由于大豆和花生同屬豆科作物，因此院士團隊在大豆生產上進行了相關研究。事實證明，在大豆田應用ARC微生物菌劑后結瘤數(shù)量增加、結瘤時間延長，促進了大豆增產。
 
　　該技術在內蒙古大豆主產區(qū)開展試驗示范從2022年開始，由內蒙古自治區(qū)農牧業(yè)技術推廣中心糧油作物技術處負責。根據三年的田間調查顯示，應用ARC菌劑的示范田大豆根系發(fā)達，根瘤數(shù)量增加，收獲季植株落葉時間晚于對照田5天左右，收獲時根系上仍有鮮活根瘤且為活桿成熟。大豆結莢數(shù)、莢粒數(shù)、百粒重均呈增加趨勢，增產在10%以上。
 
　　今年，為切實提高大豆單產，實現(xiàn)增產增效，自治區(qū)農牧廳在技術上打起了“組合拳”，引進了中國農業(yè)科學院油料作物研究所李培武院士團隊研發(fā)的大豆提質固氮綠色增產ARC耦合技術。年初與院士團隊簽署了合作框架協(xié)議，推廣面積擴大到十余萬畝，為我區(qū)大豆“推技術，提單產”插上了科技的翅膀。
 
　　下一步，自治區(qū)將繼續(xù)做好該項技術的推廣應用工作，尤其是在應對大豆重茬種植等問題上，爭取取得新突破，為提升大豆產能，提供內蒙古方案，貢獻內蒙古智慧。

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