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福建省多措并舉推動農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展

2024-04-03 14:57:59 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理 閱讀量：32806 評論

導讀：福建省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳日前印發(fā)《關于推廣“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”模式促進農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展若干措施的通知》，明確提出推廣行之有效的“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”等農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展模式。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 福建省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳日前印發(fā)《關于推廣“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”模式促進農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展若干措施的通知》，明確提出推廣行之有效的“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”等農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展模式，促進農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展綠色轉(zhuǎn)型，推動福建省特色現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展取得新的更大成效。
 
　　“五節(jié)一循環(huán)”即節(jié)地、節(jié)水、節(jié)肥、節(jié)藥、節(jié)能和高效生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)。
 
　　節(jié)地：提升耕地地力水平，強化耕地保護
 
　　引導農(nóng)民在自愿前提下，結(jié)合高標準農(nóng)田、土地整治等項目建設，合并歸整田塊，鼓勵“耕地下山、林果上山”，逐步建成適宜耕作、旱澇保收、高產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)、綠色生態(tài)的現(xiàn)代化良田。加大撂荒耕地整治補助力度。
 
　　實施耕地有機質(zhì)提升行動，堅持用養(yǎng)結(jié)合，逐步改良培肥土壤，提升耕地地力，確保耕地有機質(zhì)只增不減。深入推進畜禽糞污資源化利用，就地就近還田利用，強化有機無機相給合，完善種養(yǎng)有效對接機制，推廣種養(yǎng)循環(huán)模式，大力推進糞肥還田。支持符合條件的種糧大戶申報耕地地力保護補貼。
 
　　同時，集成推廣土壤改良、地力培肥、治理修復等技術，有序推進退化耕地治理。指導各地按照“分類管控、農(nóng)用優(yōu)先、預防為主、治用并舉”原則，嚴格管控、安全利用受污染耕地，確保全省受污染耕地安全利用率穩(wěn)定在93%以上。支持土壤酸化問題突出地區(qū)申報酸化耕地治理補助，集成推廣施用土壤調(diào)理劑、綠肥還田等技術模式
 
　　此外，要因地制宜推廣耕地輪作，鼓勵各地立足生態(tài)氣候條件，科學選擇輪作技術路徑，重點推廣稻—稻—菜、煙—稻、稻—菜、大棚—水稻等水旱輪作、糧經(jīng)輪作種植模式，示范推廣幼齡果園間作套種大豆、甘薯、馬鈴薯等綠色高效種植模式，提升耕地可持續(xù)產(chǎn)出能力。對設施鋼架大棚輪作種植水稻面積達60畝以上的，按水稻面積給予獎勵。
 
　　節(jié)水：提高農(nóng)業(yè)用水效率
 
　　大力推廣水肥一體化、管灌、噴灌、滴灌等高效節(jié)水技術，支持有條件的地區(qū)在高標準農(nóng)田建設中配備田間計量設施，提高水資源利用效率。根據(jù)作物品種、種植制度、灌溉方式等差異，因地制宜選擇水肥一體化模式和水溶性肥料，推廣“肥隨水走、少量多次、分段擬合”的灌溉施肥模式。
 
　　節(jié)肥：促進化肥減量增效
 
　　在糧食、蔬菜、水果、茶葉主要農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)區(qū)，集成推廣施肥新技術、新產(chǎn)品和新機具，應用測土配方施肥、作物營養(yǎng)診斷、綠肥種植、秸稈還田、有機肥替代及水肥一體化等新技術，推廣使用作物配方肥、緩釋肥料、微生物肥料、水溶性肥料、中微量元素肥料等新型肥料，推進農(nóng)機農(nóng)藝融合，提升科學施肥水平，提高化肥利用率。
 
　　實施種養(yǎng)循環(huán)試點，以果菜茶優(yōu)勢區(qū)為重點，示范推廣糞肥、秸稈粉碎、綠肥翻壓等有機肥源還田措施，提高有機肥養(yǎng)分施用比例，減少化肥用量，增加土壤有機質(zhì)含量，提升優(yōu)質(zhì)綠色產(chǎn)品供給。開展區(qū)域公用品牌農(nóng)作物化肥投入定額制試點，集成推廣定額制施肥新技術、新產(chǎn)品、新機具，打造化肥投入定額制示范基地，引導種植戶定額施肥。
 
　　節(jié)藥：推動農(nóng)藥減量控害
 
　　推廣綠色高效施藥技術，發(fā)揮有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、綠色食品和地理標志農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)基地引領作用，推廣以健身栽培為基礎，以生物防治、生態(tài)控制、物理防治、理化誘控為主，合理使用化學農(nóng)藥為輔的綠色防控措施，提高科學安全用藥意識。組織開展新農(nóng)藥、新助劑篩選，示范推廣高效低毒低風險農(nóng)藥和助劑，逐步淘汰高毒高風險農(nóng)藥。實施植保器械換代升級工程，鼓勵農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營主體引進與福建省主要地形現(xiàn)狀、種植模式相適應的高效植保器械，持續(xù)提高農(nóng)藥利用率。
 
　　節(jié)能：推動農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物綜合化利用
 
　　推動畜禽糞污資源化利用和秸稈還田綜合利用，開展畜禽糞污資源化利用示范點建設，示范推廣畜禽糞肥還田利用、沼液智能化施用等技術模式，提高畜禽糞污綜合利用率。指導各地分區(qū)域、分作物示范推廣翻埋、碎混、旋耕、堆漚腐熟等秸稈還田技術，因地制宜推廣水稻秸稈粉碎還田、秸稈—綠肥碳氮互濟聯(lián)合還田以及甘薯、馬鈴薯、玉米等作物秸稈翻壓還田模式。
 
　　循環(huán)：發(fā)展高效生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)
 
　　圍繞農(nóng)業(yè)投入品減量增效、廢棄物資源化利用、農(nóng)業(yè)資源集約利用、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低碳循環(huán)，引導先行區(qū)積極探索一批符合不同區(qū)域、生態(tài)類型、主導品種的綠色發(fā)展模式。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(m.balpclean.com)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：福建省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳。

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