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華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學農(nóng)機畢業(yè)巡游場面壯觀引關注│巨大的農(nóng)機人才缺口誰來填補？

2021-06-22 17:29:22 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：48692 評論

導讀：當前正值高校畢業(yè)季，6月20日，華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學舉行了一場農(nóng)業(yè)裝備巡游畢業(yè)活動引發(fā)了網(wǎng)友的廣泛關注，#華中農(nóng)大畢業(yè)生開農(nóng)業(yè)裝備展巡游#、#華中農(nóng)大拖拉機畢業(yè)巡游#等相關話題也登上了微博熱搜。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 當前正值高校畢業(yè)季，6月20日，華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學舉行了一場農(nóng)業(yè)裝備巡游畢業(yè)活動引發(fā)了網(wǎng)友的廣泛關注，#華中農(nóng)大畢業(yè)生開農(nóng)業(yè)裝備展巡游#、#華中農(nóng)大拖拉機畢業(yè)巡游#等相關話題也登上了微博熱搜。
 

 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學微博截圖

　　據(jù)悉，活動中出現(xiàn)的無人駕駛自主導航拖拉機、景觀飛播無人機、油菜精量聯(lián)合播種機、油菜割曬機等，都由該校自主研發(fā)。今年，該校以高端農(nóng)機為2021屆畢業(yè)生舉辦畢業(yè)巡游，為學子們壯行，也進一步激發(fā)他們強農(nóng)興農(nóng)的責任感和使命感，希望學子們用所學知識給農(nóng)業(yè)插上科技的翅膀。
 
　　正如華中農(nóng)大此次畢業(yè)活動上熱搜一樣，近年來，農(nóng)機人才、農(nóng)機相關專業(yè)越來越受到社會關注和重視。然而，相比之下更應該關注的是當前我國農(nóng)機人才嚴重匱乏的現(xiàn)狀。2020年全國人大常委會執(zhí)法檢查組關于檢查農(nóng)業(yè)機械化促進法實施情況的報告認為，培養(yǎng)農(nóng)機化專業(yè)人才作為加強農(nóng)機基礎性研究的重要環(huán)節(jié)仍需持續(xù)推進，同時報告預測，到2025年，中國農(nóng)機化專業(yè)人才缺口將達44萬人。
 
　　上述報告顯示，2019年全國僅有28所高校院所招收農(nóng)機裝備碩士生，總數(shù)不足700人，農(nóng)機專業(yè)研究生與本科生招生人數(shù)比僅為0.1%。同時，目前在世界排名前20名的農(nóng)業(yè)裝備學科高等院校中無一所中國高校，中國465個國家一流學科中僅有2個農(nóng)業(yè)工程學科入選。
 
　　經(jīng)筆者查閱，入選國家一流學科的兩個農(nóng)業(yè)工程學科所在院校分別為中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學和浙江大學，這兩所高等院校都在現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方面有著重要建樹。
 
　　中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學農(nóng)業(yè)工程專業(yè)以機械工程為基礎，融合信息技術、農(nóng)業(yè)生物技術及環(huán)境科學，探索既能發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、提高經(jīng)濟效益，又能保護環(huán)境，保證農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的機械化生產(chǎn)體系，研究農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)機械化過程中的裝備與先進技術；
 
　　浙江大學農(nóng)業(yè)工程學科擁有農(nóng)業(yè)機械化工程、農(nóng)業(yè)生物環(huán)境與能源工程、農(nóng)業(yè)電氣化與自動化、農(nóng)業(yè)水土工程和生物系統(tǒng)工程(自主設置)等5個博士學位授予點及包括機械設計及理論在內(nèi)的6個碩士學位授予點，及博士后科研流動站。擁有農(nóng)業(yè)機械化工程國家重點學科，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)生物環(huán)境工程與智能化設備重點實驗室、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)地處理裝備重點實驗室和光譜檢測重點實驗室。
 
　　除此之外，我國其他高等院校中專注研究農(nóng)業(yè)裝備領域的并不多，這也是當前我國農(nóng)業(yè)裝備基礎研究薄弱、原始創(chuàng)新能力不足、關鍵核心技術匱乏、農(nóng)業(yè)裝備人才短缺的現(xiàn)狀，這一現(xiàn)狀不足以支撐我國農(nóng)機裝備制造產(chǎn)業(yè)徹底轉型升級。青黃不接的農(nóng)機人才隊伍與農(nóng)機化的快速發(fā)展不匹配、不協(xié)調(diào)已成為制約農(nóng)機化工作高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的瓶頸之一。
 
　　行業(yè)專家認為，從農(nóng)機裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展層面來看，我國農(nóng)機產(chǎn)業(yè)一缺“白領”，即農(nóng)機裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新人才，二缺“藍領”，即農(nóng)機裝備制造技術骨干；從農(nóng)業(yè)機械化行業(yè)發(fā)展層面看，我國各級各類農(nóng)機化管理人才水平亟待提升，特別基層實用技能型人才短缺極為嚴重。
 
　　所以要填補人才缺口，一是要加強國內(nèi)農(nóng)機專業(yè)院校和學科建設，鼓勵涉農(nóng)院校保留或重設農(nóng)機相關專業(yè)，增加農(nóng)業(yè)工程國家一流學科和農(nóng)機類國家一流專業(yè)數(shù)量，單列并增加農(nóng)機裝備學科博士、碩士招生指標，培養(yǎng)農(nóng)機創(chuàng)新人才；
 
　　二要加強農(nóng)機實用人才培養(yǎng)，將農(nóng)機專業(yè)知識和應用能力作為新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育的重要內(nèi)容，提升從業(yè)人員作業(yè)服務、農(nóng)機維修、信息服務能力，提高農(nóng)機從業(yè)人員素質(zhì)和在農(nóng)業(yè)從業(yè)人員中的比重，培育一批懂技術、善經(jīng)營、會管理的農(nóng)機服務組織帶頭人。
 
　　結語：農(nóng)業(yè)的根本出路在于機械化。2020年我國農(nóng)機總動力已達10.3億千瓦，農(nóng)機保有量2.04億臺(套)，全國農(nóng)作物耕種收綜合機械化率達71%，其中，小麥、水稻、玉米等主要農(nóng)作物耕種收綜合機械化率均已超過80%。
 
　　在實現(xiàn)我國農(nóng)業(yè)全面機械化、智能化、現(xiàn)代化的路上，農(nóng)機人才是不可或缺的要素。正如華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學對這屆畢業(yè)生所寄予的期望一樣，希望越來越多的高校農(nóng)機人才為我國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化發(fā)展貢獻力量，農(nóng)業(yè)的未來離不開每一屆農(nóng)機人才的建設。

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