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山東省關于印發(fā)新冠肺炎疫情防控期間設施水果生產(chǎn)指導意見的通知

2020-02-17 11:19:19 來源：山東省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳 閱讀量：19593 評論

導讀：為切實做好新冠肺炎疫情防控期間全省設施水果生產(chǎn)管理和技術(shù)指導服務工作，省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳近期組織有關專家，研究制定了《新冠肺炎疫情防控期間設施水果生產(chǎn)指導意見》?，F(xiàn)印發(fā)給你們，請結(jié)合實際，提出有針對性的管理技術(shù)措施，扎實做好技術(shù)培訓和指導服務各項工作。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關注】 各市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局:
 
　　為切實做好新冠肺炎疫情防控期間全省設施水果生產(chǎn)管理和技術(shù)指導服務工作，省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳近期組織有關專家，研究制定了《新冠肺炎疫情防控期間設施水果生產(chǎn)指導意見》?，F(xiàn)印發(fā)給你們，請結(jié)合實際，提出有針對性的管理技術(shù)措施，扎實做好技術(shù)培訓和指導服務各項工作。
 
　　山東省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳
 
　　2020年2月14日
 
新冠肺炎疫情防控期間設施水果生產(chǎn)指導意見
 
　　當前，正值新冠肺炎疫情防控的關鍵時期，又是草莓、大櫻桃、桃等設施水果生產(chǎn)的關鍵節(jié)點。扎實做好全省設施水果生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導工作，對于保障市場新鮮水果供應和果農(nóng)穩(wěn)定增收，打贏疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)具有重要現(xiàn)實意義。
 
　　一、加強技術(shù)管理，促進水果優(yōu)質(zhì)高效
 
　　(一)做好環(huán)境調(diào)控。草莓處于采果期，設施內(nèi)適宜溫度白天為20℃～25℃，夜晚保持在8℃～10℃，適宜濕度50%～60%。大櫻桃和桃樹陸續(xù)進入花期，桃樹花期適宜溫度18℃～20℃，高溫度不能超過23℃，低不能低于5℃，適宜濕度50%～60%；大櫻桃花期適宜溫度白天為16℃～20℃，夜晚5℃～8℃，適宜濕度40%～50%。生產(chǎn)中建議通過草苫(棉被)揭放、放風、人工加溫等措施調(diào)控設施內(nèi)溫度；采取增減灌水次數(shù)，加強通風排濕，地面覆蓋地膜等辦法調(diào)控設施內(nèi)濕度；采用及時揭蓋草苫(棉被)、清除棚膜上灰塵雜物和積雪等手段，保持棚膜內(nèi)外清潔，增加光照。如遇連續(xù)陰雨雪或低溫天氣，應安裝大棚補光燈，人為增加光照。
 
　　(二)精準肥水供應。提倡應用水肥一體化技術(shù)，按照適地適樹、少量多次原則，間隔7～10天進行合適配方的肥水供應。葉面噴施0.2%～0.5%磷酸二氫鉀+硼肥等，及時補充中微量營養(yǎng)元素，滿足果樹生長對肥水的要求。
 
　　(三)精細花果管理。通過及時放蜂、人工授粉和花期噴棚等措施提高坐果率。大棚內(nèi)櫻桃落花時要用吹風機或者橡皮錘人工震落花瓣，防止花瓣貼在幼果上引起灰霉病的發(fā)生。根據(jù)花量和坐果情況，做好大櫻桃和桃的疏花疏果工作。草莓應及時摘除花梗、老葉、病葉、匍匐莖，疏去過短果梗、小花、僵果和畸形果，一般每個花序保留3～5個果，植株長勢強的可適當多保留1～2個果。
 
　　(四)強化綠色防控。大櫻桃主要做好灰霉病、褐腐病，桃樹主要做好蚜蟲、紅蜘蛛、穿孔病，草莓主要做好白粉病、灰霉病、蚜蟲等病蟲害防控。應遵循“預防為主、綜合防治”的原則，強化農(nóng)業(yè)、物理和生物等綠色防控技術(shù)應用，科學合理使用化學藥劑，提升水果質(zhì)量安全水平。
 
　　(五)搞好產(chǎn)銷對接。各地業(yè)務主管部門要加強上市果品種類、數(shù)量、農(nóng)資供應等信息的收集整理和發(fā)布，準確掌握本地生產(chǎn)銷售和外調(diào)能力，穩(wěn)定果農(nóng)市場預期，確保實現(xiàn)果品優(yōu)質(zhì)優(yōu)價。
 
　　二、落實防疫措施，保障從業(yè)人員安全
 
　　果業(yè)生產(chǎn)者要增強防護意識，做好個人防護，在生產(chǎn)、銷售過程中正確佩戴口罩、勤洗手，確保身體健康和生命安全。各地果業(yè)技術(shù)推廣人員在做好個人防護的前提下，要加強生產(chǎn)信息調(diào)度，疫情防控期間提倡運用網(wǎng)絡平臺、微信視頻等現(xiàn)代信息手段，開展技術(shù)培訓和指導服務。
 
　　三、加強災害預警，增強應對處置能力
 
　　據(jù)預報，2月中旬開始，我省將有持續(xù)數(shù)天的低溫雨雪天氣。各地要密切關注天氣變化，建立應急處置預案，及早加固修繕生產(chǎn)棚體，落實防災減災措施，全力保障設施水果生產(chǎn)安全。

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