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小雪至，冬伊始：如何保證果樹豐產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)？

2019-11-23 16:13:56 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：四夕 閱讀量：50063 評論

導讀：11月22日22時59分小雪節(jié)氣如期而至，北方地區(qū)小雪節(jié)氣以后，果農(nóng)開始為果樹修枝，以草秸編箔包扎株桿，以防果樹受凍。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關注】11月22日22時59分小雪節(jié)氣如期而至，北方地區(qū)小雪節(jié)氣以后，果農(nóng)開始為果樹修枝，以草秸編箔包扎株桿，以防果樹受凍。
 
　　基本上，“清、灌、翻、剪、涂”五個字可以概括冬季果園管理及清園所需進行的工作，要注意清理果園里的雜草，減少土地營養(yǎng)流失；同時開展土地翻耕工作，凍死病蟲卵，減少春季蟲害以及病菌傳播；修剪枯枝，減少養(yǎng)分消耗，調(diào)節(jié)樹體負荷，改善通風透光條件，促進果樹健壯生長；清理腐爛果、在腐爛病區(qū)域刮皮，在傷口刷白石灰消毒，大幅度降低水分流失的同時避免蟲害的再次傷害；進行果園灌溉施肥，冬季主要以氮磷鉀復合肥為主，可適量添加尿素或農(nóng)家肥等。
 
　　對于果農(nóng)來說，做好果園冬季管理工作是來年果樹豐產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)的基礎，其中擴穴改土、開溝施肥、果園運輸?shù)葎趧訌姸却蟮沫h(huán)節(jié)，都需要使用農(nóng)業(yè)機械。如：開溝機采用兩側出土結構，開出來的土壤均勻撒在周邊的土地里，作業(yè)效率高，適合于果樹的施肥作業(yè)；彌霧機藥液噴灑均勻，覆蓋面廣，能極大地降低勞動強度……在這里，農(nóng)機網(wǎng)推薦幾款果園機械供參考。
 
　　果園旋耕開溝施肥機
 
　　開溝施肥自動回填一次性完成(化肥)旋耕機單獨開溝施土雜肥、旋耕裝置、旋耕主架更換回填即可做開溝施肥后的回填功能、單獨割草粉碎功能，也可做秸稈粉碎；風送式打藥；該機體積小，重心低，操作靈便，可原地轉向，適用于果園葡萄、果樹、枸杞、藍莓等經(jīng)濟作物的開溝施肥作業(yè)；適用性強，可以實現(xiàn)大型機械無法進入的果園、小塊土地、大棚、茶園、丘陵、山地等不同的地形和土質(zhì)進行作業(yè)；堅實耐用，機身加厚，做工精密，履帶式行走；可進行原地轉向。
 
　　園林機械背負式彌霧機
 
　　彌霧機廣泛應用于溫室大棚、農(nóng)業(yè)、林業(yè)、果園、草場城市環(huán)保，露天農(nóng)作物的施藥施肥和消毒殺菌；發(fā)動機采用進口特殊耐高溫、耐腐蝕、尺寸特制、性能穩(wěn)定、使用壽命可達5000-15000桶藥；機殼采用304耐腐蝕不銹鋼板制作，一次性沖壓成型，堅固耐用，重量輕、耐腐蝕、不生銹、使用壽命長，攜帶方便；發(fā)動機支撐采用不銹鋼板材沖壓設計，左右焊接牢固，接觸面大，發(fā)動機不易變形彎曲。
 
　　乘座式割草機
 
　　這款割草機主要適用于中國廣大果園，如柑橘、荔枝、芒果等熱帶水果以及北方的蘋果、桃子等果園。這款機器每小時可作業(yè)7畝果園，不僅可以清除低矮雜草，甚至2、3米高的灌木都可以清除掉；而且這款機器粉碎雜草后直接還田，雜草在地里腐爛做肥料，這樣可以形成綠色循環(huán)，用戶不用再進行二次收集。
 
　　自走式果園作業(yè)平臺
 
　　自走式果園作業(yè)平臺集自走式收獲輔助系統(tǒng)和平臺操作于一體；機架上方設有操控臺，操控系統(tǒng)可控制行走裝置的行走和轉向以及前后叉的動作，操控系統(tǒng)還可控制平臺的升降，以及左右擴展平臺的動作，可輕松實現(xiàn)在行走過程中進行果樹修剪，整枝和果實采摘等作業(yè)；并且在果實采摘作業(yè)中無需人工上下搬運果箱等物品，提高了工作效率，降低了勞動強度，增加了作業(yè)人員的安全性；采用符合國3排放的先進電噴式柴油發(fā)動機，動力強勁；全液壓式驅(qū)動型式，操作靈活、轉彎半徑小，更適合國內(nèi)果園道路布局；關鍵液壓和電器元件采用進口先進部件，使用可靠；前后叉果箱升降，平臺升降和左右寬度調(diào)節(jié)全部采用液壓驅(qū)動；配有平臺傾角自動報警裝置，確保操作使用安全可靠。
 
　　果蔬采摘機器人
 
　　果蔬采摘機器人是利用多傳感器融合技術，對采摘對象進行信息獲取、成熟度判別、并確定收獲目標的三維空間信息及視覺標定，引導機械手與末端執(zhí)行器完成抓取、切割、回收任務的高度協(xié)同自動化系統(tǒng)，從而可以實現(xiàn)無人值守情況下，自動導航、自動識別、自動完成機械臂運動及機械手采摘。
 
　　臥式樹枝粉碎機
 
　　臥式樹枝粉碎機在吸收多種破碎機優(yōu)點的基礎上，充分運用沖擊、剪切、相互撞擊、研磨等理論精心研發(fā)制造。該設備在工作時，物料在破碎腔內(nèi)可得到充分而有效的細碎，產(chǎn)量高、能耗低、效率高、出料細碎均勻。并且在使用該設備時，噪聲低、無污染，操作簡單、維護方便。物料通過與本機相配的喂料機構由頂部喂入，在高速旋錘片打擊和篩板磨擦作用下，物料逐漸被粉碎，并在離心力的作用下，穿過1-50mm的篩孔由風機排入三通出料口排出。
 
　　近年來，果蔬茶機械一直是農(nóng)機展的亮點專區(qū)，今年的果蔬茶機械專區(qū)就已經(jīng)是第三年設立。得益于農(nóng)機市場發(fā)展，小麥、水稻、玉米三大糧食作物的耕種收機械逐漸飽和，農(nóng)業(yè)機械全面化發(fā)展需要從糧食作物機械化向經(jīng)濟作物拓展，果蔬茶機械有了更加便利的發(fā)展條件。除了筆者推薦的這幾家果園機械供應商以外，如需要了解更多其它類型產(chǎn)品，可點擊瀏覽。

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