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實施奶業(yè)振興，加大奶牛規(guī)模化養(yǎng)殖扶持力度

2019-11-14 14:54:13 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：38714 評論

導(dǎo)讀：11月13日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部舉行新聞發(fā)布會，介紹了奶業(yè)振興成效的有關(guān)情況。事實上，我國一直非常重視奶業(yè)振興工作，在2018年6月，國務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)的《關(guān)于推進(jìn)奶業(yè)振興保障乳品質(zhì)量安全的意見》(國辦發(fā)〔2018〕43號)中就確定了奶業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略定位，對加強奶源基地建設(shè)等提出了明確要求。此后，在2019年中央1號文件提出了“實施奶業(yè)振興行動”。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】11月13日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部舉行新聞發(fā)布會，介紹了奶業(yè)振興成效的有關(guān)情況。事實上，我國一直非常重視奶業(yè)振興工作，在2018年6月，國務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)的《關(guān)于推進(jìn)奶業(yè)振興保障乳品質(zhì)量安全的意見》(國辦發(fā)〔2018〕43號)中就確定了奶業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略定位，對加強奶源基地建設(shè)等提出了明確要求。此后，在2019年中央1號文件提出了“實施奶業(yè)振興行動”。
 
　　推行種養(yǎng)結(jié)合模式
 
　　在飼料種植方面，我國更加趨向于實行種養(yǎng)結(jié)合的模式。支持各地統(tǒng)籌使用綠色高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建等資金，支持立體式生態(tài)循環(huán)種養(yǎng)模式，增加經(jīng)濟效益和環(huán)境效益。2018年11月，生態(tài)環(huán)境部聯(lián)合農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)《農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村污染治理攻堅戰(zhàn)行動計劃》，指導(dǎo)各地制定具體措施，將畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展扶持資金及政策安排與畜禽養(yǎng)殖污染防治情況掛鉤。中央財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付資金通過建設(shè)全程綠色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)基地等方向，支持綠色特色農(nóng)業(yè)，推廣果(菜、茶)沼畜綜合種養(yǎng)等生產(chǎn)模式，重點推動種養(yǎng)加一體、農(nóng)牧漁結(jié)合循環(huán)發(fā)展。
 
　　從實際意義上來說，種養(yǎng)結(jié)合在實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)?；a(chǎn)和糞尿資源化利用，從而降低農(nóng)田化肥使用量和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本，改善農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的同時進(jìn)一步提高水產(chǎn)、畜禽成活率和養(yǎng)殖水平，提高了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量，確保了農(nóng)業(yè)收入穩(wěn)定增加。而種植業(yè)和養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的直接良性循環(huán)更是直接改變了傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)粗放式生產(chǎn)模式，有效拓展了生態(tài)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展空間，對于現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。
 
　　加大資金支持力度
 
　　在加大對種養(yǎng)結(jié)合與規(guī)?；曫B(yǎng)奶牛的資金支持力度方面，近年來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同發(fā)展改革委、財政部不斷完善政策措施，加強奶源基地建設(shè)，積極推進(jìn)種養(yǎng)結(jié)合與奶牛規(guī)?；曫B(yǎng)。
 
　　一是開展奶牛養(yǎng)殖大縣整縣推進(jìn)種養(yǎng)結(jié)合試點。從2016年開始，中央財政安排專項資金支持9個省區(qū)32個縣開展試點工作。
 
　　二是支持奶牛標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖。2008年以來，中央財政安排專項資金支持奶牛養(yǎng)殖場(小區(qū))標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化改造近7000個，重點改造水電路、糞污處理、防疫、擠奶設(shè)施及飼草料基地建設(shè)等。
 
　　三是實施振興奶業(yè)苜蓿發(fā)展行動。2012年以來，每年安排3億元用于支持高產(chǎn)苜?；亟ㄔO(shè)，截至2018年底，全國建設(shè)高產(chǎn)苜?；?00萬畝，可滿足200萬頭中高產(chǎn)泌乳奶牛的飼喂需求。
 
　　四是推進(jìn)奶牛生產(chǎn)性能測定工作。從2009年開始，累計安排資金近3億元，每年對40萬頭奶牛開展生產(chǎn)性能測定。
 
　　五是給予信貸擔(dān)保支持。中央財政通過擔(dān)保費補助和業(yè)務(wù)獎補等方式，支持地方建立健全農(nóng)業(yè)信貸擔(dān)保體系，強化銀擔(dān)合作機制，著力解決農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營中的融資難、融資貴問題。其中，包括支持符合條件的中小牧場納入農(nóng)業(yè)信貸擔(dān)保體系，著力解決奶農(nóng)家庭農(nóng)場、奶牛養(yǎng)殖合作社、奶業(yè)社會化服務(wù)組織等奶業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營主體的融資難、融資貴問題。
 
　　增強土地資源支持
 
　　為支持包括奶牛養(yǎng)殖在內(nèi)的設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同國土資源部出臺了《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步支持設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)健康發(fā)展的通知》(國土資發(fā)〔2014〕127號)，明確將規(guī)模化養(yǎng)殖中畜禽舍(含場區(qū)內(nèi)通道)、畜禽有機物處置等生產(chǎn)設(shè)施及綠化隔離帶用地，納入設(shè)施農(nóng)用地范疇。同時，對設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中必須配套的檢驗檢疫檢測、動植物疫病蟲害防控等技術(shù)設(shè)施以及必要管理用房用地，畜禽養(yǎng)殖糞便、污水等廢棄物收集、存儲、處理等環(huán)保設(shè)施用地，生物質(zhì)(有機)肥料生產(chǎn)設(shè)施用地等輔助生產(chǎn)的設(shè)施用地，也一并納入設(shè)施農(nóng)用地管理，不需辦理農(nóng)用地轉(zhuǎn)用審批手續(xù)，實行縣級備案管理，減少土地取得成本，簡化用地手續(xù)。
 
　　2018年12月，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同自然資源部等九部委出臺《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)奶業(yè)振興的若干意見》，細(xì)化實化奶業(yè)振興舉措，推動奶源基地建設(shè)等重點任務(wù)和政策措施落實，明確“推進(jìn)農(nóng)區(qū)種養(yǎng)結(jié)合，探索牧區(qū)半放牧、半舍飼模式，研究推進(jìn)農(nóng)牧交錯帶種草養(yǎng)牛”。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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