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各地積極推進秸稈綜合利用，以“禁燒”促“利用”

2018-11-20 10:38:16 來源：中國農機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：37004 評論

導讀：近日，經(jīng)國務院同意，生態(tài)環(huán)境部、農業(yè)農村部日前聯(lián)合印發(fā)《農業(yè)農村污染治理攻堅戰(zhàn)行動計劃》，明確了農業(yè)農村污染治理的總體要求、行動目標、主要任務和保障措施，對農業(yè)農村污染治理攻堅戰(zhàn)作出部署。11月8日，生態(tài)環(huán)境部和農村農業(yè)部聯(lián)合召開發(fā)布會解讀該計劃。據(jù)介紹，下一步，將加強秸稈綜合利用，聚焦秸稈肥料化、飼料化和燃料化“三大利用方向”，不斷提升秸稈農用水平。

　　【中國農機網(wǎng) 地方農機】 近日，經(jīng)國務院同意，生態(tài)環(huán)境部、農業(yè)農村部日前聯(lián)合印發(fā)《農業(yè)農村污染治理攻堅戰(zhàn)行動計劃》，明確了農業(yè)農村污染治理的總體要求、行動目標、主要任務和保障措施，對農業(yè)農村污染治理攻堅戰(zhàn)作出部署。11月8日，生態(tài)環(huán)境部和農村農業(yè)部聯(lián)合召開發(fā)布會解讀該計劃。據(jù)介紹，下一步，將加強秸稈綜合利用，聚焦秸稈肥料化、飼料化和燃料化“三大利用方向”，不斷提升秸稈農用水平。

　　銀川市出臺禁燒秸稈問責辦法 明確“一事三追責”
 
　　為了打好“藍天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)”，銀川市日前出臺《關于發(fā)生焚燒秸稈等廢棄物污染環(huán)境事件問責暫行辦法》，明確規(guī)定“對凡是轄區(qū)內出現(xiàn)秸稈等廢棄物焚燒污染環(huán)境事件的，對有關責任人員一律嚴肅問責追責”。
 
　　《辦法》明確了“一事三追責”。規(guī)定對轄區(qū)內出現(xiàn)秸稈等廢棄物焚燒污染環(huán)境事件的，不僅要追究鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)(街道)、村居(社區(qū))的主體責任，追究農牧、綜合執(zhí)法等相關職能部門的監(jiān)督管理責任，還要追究縣(市)區(qū)的領導責任。對故意焚燒秸稈等廢棄物污染環(huán)境涉嫌犯罪的行為人，明確規(guī)定由公安機關依法追究法律責任。對縣(市)區(qū)轄區(qū)內的自治區(qū)農墾集團所屬國有農場出現(xiàn)秸稈等廢棄物焚燒污染環(huán)境事件的，明確規(guī)定要移交自治區(qū)相關部門處理。
 
　　《辦法》明確規(guī)定了3種問責處理方式，包括建議相關部門給予減發(fā)、扣發(fā)工作補貼等經(jīng)濟處罰；通報批評、調整工作崗位、誡勉談話、免職等組織處理；黨紀政務處分。對失職瀆職涉嫌職務犯罪的，移送檢察機關審查起訴。對不可抗力等自然原因造成秸稈等廢棄物焚燒污染環(huán)境事件的，或者能主動采取措施，有效避免或者阻止嚴重后果或不良影響發(fā)生的情形，規(guī)定可以從輕、減輕處罰。
 
　　黑龍江省哈爾濱市基本杜絕秸稈露天焚燒
 
　　據(jù)哈爾濱市環(huán)保局舉行的新聞發(fā)布會上的消息，今年哈爾濱市環(huán)境空氣質量明顯改善，10月，哈爾濱市環(huán)境空氣質量達標31天，同比增加12天，其中優(yōu)19天，同比增加11天，良12天，同比增加1天，輕度及以上污染天數(shù)為零。今年*月，有效監(jiān)測天數(shù)303天，達標258天，同比增加28天，其中優(yōu)106天，同比增加30天，良152天，同比減少2天；輕度污染30天，同比減少9天，中度污染9天，同比減少4天，重度及以上污染6天，同比減少16天。
 
　　據(jù)悉，今年以來，哈爾濱市成立了大氣污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)領導小組，從多個方面加大力度防治大氣污染。在加強燃煤污染防治方面，監(jiān)督燃煤生產、加工、儲運、銷售和燃用企業(yè)嚴格執(zhí)行燃煤質量標準。推進清潔能源使用試點，淘汰城鄉(xiāng)結合部燃煤小鍋爐74臺；淘汰市區(qū)建成區(qū)具備“并網(wǎng)、改氣、改電、廢棄拆除”條件的10蒸噸以上燃煤鍋爐95臺；淘汰縣(市)建成區(qū)10蒸噸及以下燃煤鍋爐99臺；淘汰九區(qū)、九縣(市)政府所在地建成區(qū)以外的公用事業(yè)單位10蒸噸以下燃煤鍋爐451臺；累計淘汰719臺。
 
　　在實施大氣污染物達標排放方面，完成火電、鋼鐵、水泥等6個行業(yè)工業(yè)污染源污染物排放情況評估和環(huán)境問題整改；推進409臺燃煤鍋爐污染防治設施提標改造，2019年1月1日起將執(zhí)行大氣污染物特別排放限值；啟動石化、化工、工業(yè)涂裝、包裝印刷、汽修5個重點行業(yè)的重點企業(yè)揮發(fā)性有機物綜合整治；推進低質煤鍋爐改造35臺。
 
　　在有效解決秸稈露天焚燒方面，強化秸稈“五化”綜合利用，秸稈綜合利用率達到75%以上；加大秸稈禁燒工作的巡查督查力度，基本杜絕秸稈露天焚燒現(xiàn)象。
 
　　在嚴格管控“移動源”污染排放方面，制定高排放車限行方案，劃定限制或者禁止高排放機動車通行的時間和區(qū)域；加強非道路移動機械管控；加強油品質量監(jiān)督檢查，依法嚴厲打擊非法生產銷售質量不合格油品行為。
 
　　貴州安順市秸稈治理以“禁燒”促“利用”
 
　　鄉(xiāng)村振興離不開良好環(huán)境，長期以來，農作物秸稈處理都是農村生產中的棘手問題之一。近年來，貴州安順市不斷探索秸稈綜合利用的有效途徑，并以“禁燒”促“利用”，發(fā)展生態(tài)循環(huán)農業(yè)，讓普通的秸稈走出多元化的創(chuàng)新道路。
 
　　當前安順市農業(yè)生產正值關鍵期，為打好秋季“收割戰(zhàn)”，避免秸稈焚燒帶來的環(huán)境污染，安順市疏堵結合，在宣傳秸稈禁燒政策的基礎上，把農作物秸稈綜合利用作為根本出路，以“五化”為重點，加大技術攻關、項目建設、產業(yè)培育和政策支持等方面的工作力度，逐步實現(xiàn)農作物秸稈由傳統(tǒng)利用向利用，由單一利用向商品化、系列化、產業(yè)化綜合開發(fā)利用轉變。在貴州天龍秸稈綜合利用有限公司的車間內，大型機械正在進行青貯，對回收來的玉米、高粱等農作物，進行粉碎、密封、發(fā)酵等工序，加工成利于保存、營養(yǎng)價值高的牲畜青貯飼料，有效避免了農作物秸稈廢棄或焚燒對環(huán)境造成的污染。
 
　　據(jù)市農委秸稈綜合利用辦公室負責人周慶舉介紹，為了讓廢棄的秸稈得到充分利用，安順市主要采取秸稈飼料化、肥料化、能源化等方式。目前安順市已經(jīng)利用秸稈量大約有55萬噸，占秸稈可收集量70%左右。通過秸稈的綜合利用，不僅減輕了安順市的空氣環(huán)境質量污染的程度，也提高了農戶的收入，助力脫貧攻堅發(fā)展。
 
　　本文由中國農機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：人民網(wǎng)、寧夏日報、黑龍江省生態(tài)環(huán)境廳，如有侵權或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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