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這幾個同種農(nóng)機裝備間的不同區(qū)別你都知道嗎？

2018-09-12 15:43:13 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：23264 評論

導(dǎo)讀：植保無人機是單旋翼好還是多旋翼好？選擇電動的還是油動的？輪式拖拉機和履帶式拖拉機你更喜歡哪一個？二者有什么區(qū)別？聯(lián)合收割機全喂入式和半喂入式哪個性價比更高？

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 市場行情】 植保無人機是單旋翼好還是多旋翼好？選擇電動的還是油動的？輪式拖拉機和履帶式拖拉機你更喜歡哪一個？二者有什么區(qū)別？聯(lián)合收割機全喂入式和半喂入式哪個性價比更高？下面小編就來一一比較一下：
 
　　1、單旋翼植保無人機和多旋翼植保無人機
 
　　多旋翼：續(xù)航較弱，載重和飛行速度適中，可以垂直起降，飛行操作更為靈活，可以空中懸停，受周圍環(huán)境影響較小，適用于環(huán)境比較復(fù)雜的農(nóng)田區(qū)域。

　　單旋翼：從飛行速度、靈活度、穩(wěn)定性、載重、續(xù)航能力等方面來說，性能都比較適中，適合廣幅作業(yè)。
 
　　總結(jié)：如果田地比較分散，作業(yè)面積十幾畝或數(shù)十畝，選擇多旋翼較為合適；若作業(yè)面積有數(shù)千畝就選擇單旋翼；假如作業(yè)面積達到上萬畝，用固定翼更為合適，固定翼式無人機具有續(xù)航強、載重大、飛行快、效率高的特點，多用于農(nóng)田信息采集和農(nóng)田遙感，也可以用于農(nóng)林植保作業(yè)。
 
　　無人機按動力來分的話分為電動型和油動型。電動型操作簡單，輕巧靈活，故障率低和維修簡單；油動型續(xù)航時間長，載荷量大，能夠覆蓋大面積的農(nóng)田，但操控要求高，價錢昂貴，而且國內(nèi)單戶的種植面積較小，土地分散，因此油動型無人機使用較少。
 
　　2、輪式拖拉機和履帶式拖拉機
 
　　履帶式拖拉機：這種拖拉機是通過一條卷繞的環(huán)形履帶支承在地面上，驅(qū)動輪在驅(qū)動扭矩的作用下，通過驅(qū)動輪上的輪齒和履帶板節(jié)銷之間的嚙合連續(xù)不斷地把履帶從后方卷起，從而推動拖拉機向前行駛。因接地面積相比輪式拖拉機更多，所以在相同馬力時，其牽引力更大；具有接地面積大、對土壤壓實及傷害小、不易打滑、更容易發(fā)揮牽引性能的特點，同時抗顛簸性能好；能夠用于其它類型拖拉機難以勝任的開荒、深翻和農(nóng)田基本建設(shè)等繁重的工作。

　　輪式拖拉機：和履帶式相比，輪式拖拉機行駛速度快、作業(yè)效率高且運動噪聲低，野外、城市環(huán)境都可以；缺點是越障能力、地形適應(yīng)能力差，地形不能太復(fù)雜，如上樓梯難以實現(xiàn)。大馬力輪式拖拉機適于大農(nóng)場配帶寬幅農(nóng)具進行高速作業(yè)。目前國內(nèi)使用輪式拖拉機較為普遍。

　　3、全喂入收割機與半喂入收割機
 
　　全喂入聯(lián)合收割機是指割臺切割下來的谷物全部進入滾筒脫粒的聯(lián)合收割機，體積大，適合大規(guī)模收割作業(yè)；半喂入聯(lián)合收割機則是指割臺切割下來的作物僅穗頭部進入脫粒滾筒脫粒的聯(lián)合收割機，一般只用于收割小麥和水稻。
 
　　全喂入式結(jié)構(gòu)簡單便于維修，操作便捷，收獲時不需對行，收獲速度較快，價格較低，機具的適用性高，既能收割水稻、小麥，又能收割玉米、油菜、大豆等作物，一機多用；缺點是含雜率及破損率高，油耗相對較高；作業(yè)時會將秸稈揉碎，使秸稈的用途大大減少，一般只能用于還田；另外收割的水稻脫粒后的品質(zhì)較差。

　　半喂入式大多采用進口柴油發(fā)動機，質(zhì)量可靠，動力充足，耗油量相對較低；割樁的高度可以控制在3厘米，有利于倒伏的收割及來年的耕作；同時脫粒干凈，處理能力強，浪費少，濕脫性能強，且動力消耗??；半喂入式技術(shù)含量高，自動化程度高，可整體保留稻稈，留低茬。另外含雜率相對較低，有利于送入烘干機進行烘干。缺點是整機價格高，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，一旦出現(xiàn)故障，維修麻煩，維修費用高。
 
　　結(jié)語
 
　　還是那句話，選擇哪種機器遵循的原則就是“因地制宜”，根據(jù)自身需求和地形地理條件，并綜合考慮價格、補貼等因素，希望這篇文章可以對農(nóng)民朋友和農(nóng)機手有所幫助。
 
　　本文由中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：工程機械在線、農(nóng)機通、農(nóng)機指南、百度知道，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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