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國家發(fā)展改革委等三部門印發(fā)《關(guān)于 推動飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的意見》

2024-11-14 09:44:09 來源:國家發(fā)展改革委 閱讀量:11420 評論

導(dǎo)讀:到2030年,全國優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草種植面積力爭達到1.35億畝,產(chǎn)量達到1.3億噸,牛羊優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草需求保障率達到85%。

國家發(fā)展改革委 農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部 國家林草局關(guān)于推動飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的意見

發(fā)改農(nóng)經(jīng)〔2024〕1579號
 
  各省、自治區(qū)、直轄市、新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團發(fā)展改革委、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村(農(nóng)牧、畜牧獸醫(yī))廳(局、委)、林業(yè)和草原主管部門:
 
  飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)是草食畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展的重要基礎(chǔ),對于保障我國奶類、牛羊肉等畜產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)、優(yōu)化城鄉(xiāng)居民膳食結(jié)構(gòu)具有重要意義。為深入貫徹落實大農(nóng)業(yè)觀、大食物觀要求,更好保障國家糧食安全和重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給,加快建設(shè)現(xiàn)代飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)體系,制定本意見。
 
  一、調(diào)整優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu),拓展飼草生產(chǎn)空間
 
  加強糧食和飼草生產(chǎn)目標任務(wù)統(tǒng)籌,支持各地特別是牧區(qū)、農(nóng)牧交錯帶,在不破壞耕作層不改變耕地地類的前提下,合理利用耕地發(fā)展飼草飼料種植。積極發(fā)展人工種草,結(jié)合天然草原保護利用規(guī)劃的編制實施,支持在土壤、水熱等條件適宜的天然草原科學(xué)有序開展多年生人工草地建植和草種擴繁生產(chǎn)。鼓勵各地充分挖掘農(nóng)閑田、撂荒地、果園隙地、林地等土地資源種草潛力,提高土地產(chǎn)出效率。到2030年,全國優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草種植面積力爭達到1.35億畝,產(chǎn)量達到1.3億噸,牛羊優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草需求保障率達到85%。
 
  二、大力推進“以種適地”,積極發(fā)展鹽堿地種草
 
  將“以種適地”作為鹽堿地綜合利用的主攻方向,堅持宜耕則耕、宜草則草,積極探索不同鹽堿區(qū)治理和利用模式。有序推進鹽堿荒地治理,在以水定地、保護生態(tài)的前提下,鼓勵利用一批中重度鹽堿荒地發(fā)展飼草種植,推動鹽堿區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)與生態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。分類推進鹽堿耕地改造提升,在適宜地區(qū)通過糧飼輪作、種草改鹽等方式,強化種地適配,穩(wěn)步擴大苜蓿、飼用燕麥、青貯玉米等優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草品種種植面積,因地制宜推進羊草、冰草、披堿草、鴨茅、狼尾草、田菁等品種種植,推動鹽堿地種草面積明顯增加。
 
  三、加強飼草生產(chǎn)基礎(chǔ)建設(shè),提高飼草綜合生產(chǎn)能力
 
  結(jié)合草原畜牧業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級項目實施,完善飼草、草種生產(chǎn)所需的土地平整、灌溉排水、田間道路等設(shè)施,強化儲草棚、青貯窖等設(shè)施配套,建設(shè)一批集中連片、高產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)、高效節(jié)水、品質(zhì)優(yōu)良的優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草產(chǎn)區(qū)。結(jié)合生態(tài)保護和修復(fù)工程建設(shè),推行免耕補播、人工種草、草原改良、草原有害生物綠色防控等措施,合理優(yōu)化圍欄封育設(shè)施,促進草原綜合植被蓋度穩(wěn)步回升,提升天然草原鮮草產(chǎn)量。用好糧改飼、苜蓿發(fā)展行動、肉牛肉羊增量提質(zhì)行動等政策,鼓勵有條件的地方探索開展飼草種植保險,支持、引導(dǎo)優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草生產(chǎn)。
 
  四、提升飼草種業(yè)水平,強化飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)科技支撐
 
  結(jié)合現(xiàn)代種業(yè)提升工程實施,支持飼草種質(zhì)資源保護、良種繁育、品種測試等項目建設(shè),提升飼草種業(yè)基礎(chǔ)能力。深入推進草種領(lǐng)域關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)攻關(guān),培育建設(shè)飼草育種相關(guān)全國重點實驗室等科技創(chuàng)新平臺,加強飼草基礎(chǔ)研究,加快選育并推廣一批高產(chǎn)高蛋白、抗逆耐鹽堿的飼草新品種。完善草種管理制度,加快優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草品種審定推廣。到2030年,我國飼草種業(yè)水平進一步提升,飼草種子自給率力爭達到75%。
 
  五、推動飼草全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展,構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)體系
 
  加快飼草生產(chǎn)加工農(nóng)機具、林地小型機械種草等設(shè)備研發(fā)應(yīng)用,積極探索推進大型飼草機械抵押貸款,提高種子收獲、刈割壓扁、切斷揉絲、籽粒破碎、撿拾打捆等環(huán)節(jié)機械化水平。培育一批經(jīng)營水平高、帶動能力強的草畜合作社、飼草企業(yè)等新型經(jīng)營主體,積極發(fā)展高密度草捆、草顆粒和裹包青貯等便于商品化流通的飼草產(chǎn)品。推廣“牧繁農(nóng)育”“暖季適度放牧、冷季舍飼半舍飼”等生產(chǎn)模式,積極發(fā)展飼草訂單生產(chǎn)和專業(yè)化服務(wù)。健全牧區(qū)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)飼草貯運體系,完善飼草貯運配送中心和區(qū)域性貯草站點建設(shè)布局,做好飼草儲備和跨區(qū)調(diào)運。到2030年,飼草生產(chǎn)、加工、儲存、流通、銷售全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈一體化發(fā)展的格局基本形成,飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)質(zhì)量效益和競爭力明顯提升。
 
  六、加強組織實施,推動工作落地見效
 
  各地發(fā)展改革、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村、林草等部門加強銜接配合,形成工作合力,保障各項政策實施。探索將飼草納入大食物監(jiān)測統(tǒng)計體系,建立健全飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)統(tǒng)計監(jiān)測調(diào)查制度,摸清飼草生產(chǎn)、消費、流通等基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),提高統(tǒng)計工作質(zhì)量和數(shù)據(jù)準確性。加強飼草供需情況調(diào)度、形勢研判,逐步建立可靠、權(quán)威的產(chǎn)銷信息發(fā)布機制,促進市場平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。強化政策資金支持,統(tǒng)籌用好中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資、中央財政資金等既有政策和資金渠道,鼓勵各地結(jié)合實際出臺更具針對性支持政策。加強宣傳推廣,營造有利于飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展的良好氛圍。
 
  國家發(fā)展改革委
 
  農(nóng) 業(yè) 農(nóng) 村 部
 
  國 家 林 草 局
 
  2024年10月30日
 
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