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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機械化總站提醒廣大農(nóng)機手：冬季農(nóng)機作業(yè)注意安全

2024-02-06 19:45:14 來源：農(nóng)機化總站 閱讀量：17136 評論

導讀：近期，我國中東部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)大范圍持續(xù)性低溫雨雪冰凍天氣。

　　親愛的廣大農(nóng)機手們：
 
　　近期，我國中東部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)大范圍持續(xù)性低溫雨雪冰凍天氣。據(jù)氣象部門預測，局部地區(qū)累計降雪量將接近或超過歷史同期，雨雪覆蓋范圍廣、持續(xù)時間長、凍雨范圍大，雨雪冰凍災害風險高，盡管冬季農(nóng)業(yè)機械作業(yè)量減少，但是上道路行駛的農(nóng)業(yè)機械容易發(fā)生事故，恰逢春節(jié)期間人員流動大，為了避免給廣大農(nóng)機手的生產(chǎn)生活等帶來不利影響，駕駛農(nóng)業(yè)機械的農(nóng)機手們要注意安全，牢記以下注意事項：
 
　　一、注意作業(yè)前的機具安全檢查
 
　　(一)對拖拉機、聯(lián)合收割機等農(nóng)業(yè)機械要進行安全技術檢查，包括但不限于輪胎、制動系統(tǒng)、機油、水箱等，并對防凍液進行及時的補充，以保證機械能夠在低溫環(huán)境下正常運行，保證其以完好的狀態(tài)投入作業(yè)。
 
　　(二)滅火器具要有效，并放在易于取放的位置。聯(lián)合收割機的排氣管要清除積炭并安裝火星收集器，排氣管過短的要加長。
 
　　(三)聯(lián)合收割機的傳動鏈和傳輸皮帶等防護罩、蓋應完整可靠，操縱臺的扶梯護欄、扶手、踏板等應安裝牢固。機組應有充足的照明設備，以便夜間作業(yè)時能及時發(fā)現(xiàn)并排除故障。
 
　　二、注意轉移作業(yè)中的行駛安全
 
　　(一)農(nóng)業(yè)機械轉移途中要遵守交通規(guī)則，服從交警指揮，自覺維護交通秩序。不要超速行駛、酒后駕駛和疲勞駕駛，不違法載人，并要注意保持安全行駛距離。
 
　　(二)在自然災害地區(qū)作業(yè)的拖拉機和聯(lián)合收割機等農(nóng)業(yè)機械，要及時了解有關信息，注意預防山體滑坡等次生地質(zhì)災害。
 
　　(三)在冰雪路面行駛時應遵循“四慢四緩”的原則，即慢加油、緩起步、慢打方向、緩轉彎，以及在必要時刻慢踩剎車，以增加安全距離并防止追尾事故。在路面結冰或下陡坡的情況下，應盡量采用發(fā)動機牽引力進行制動。在地面很滑的情況下，可二檔起步，防止打滑。
 
　　(四)注意駕駛“預判”。在雨雪天氣行駛時，要跟前車距離應保持在較安全的范圍內(nèi)，以便于在遇到突發(fā)狀況時能夠及時剎車。在轉彎時，尤其是彎度較大的彎道，應提前減速并注意周圍環(huán)境，避免因視線受阻而導致的事故。若在雨雪路上需要臨時停下，應選擇朝陽、避風的地點，并采取適當?shù)姆雷o措施，如在農(nóng)業(yè)機械的輪下塞三角木或石塊，以防滑動。
 
　　(五)注意避免強光炫目。雪后天晴往往陽光強烈炫目，可帶上防護鏡，以保證駕駛人員能夠及時發(fā)現(xiàn)行駛過程中路面情況。
 
　　三、注意作業(yè)現(xiàn)場安全
 
　　(一)勘察好田間作業(yè)現(xiàn)場。檢查現(xiàn)場是否有影響作業(yè)的電線、雜物及與作業(yè)無關的人員。
 
　　(二)選擇好作業(yè)路線。作業(yè)時應選好路線保持直線行駛，需轉彎時一定要停止作業(yè)，倒車時要察看后方是否有人。
 
　　(三)把握好操作要領。根據(jù)地勢特點、干濕情況等選擇作業(yè)速度；禁止在未停機的情況下清理割臺、輸送帶和行走系統(tǒng)；禁止用鐵器等工具伸入糧倉，接糧人員不準把手伸進出糧口。若農(nóng)業(yè)機械陷入雨雪或泥濘車轍中致使車輪滑轉時，設法降低輪胎氣壓增加附著力，以便擺脫困境。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機化總站
　　2024年2月4日

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