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山西省農業(yè)農村廳安排部署做好“三秋”農業(yè)防災減災工作

2023-09-22 09:18:33 來源：山西省農業(yè)農村廳 閱讀量：12600 評論

導讀：打贏“三秋”生產關鍵仗，確保全年糧食豐收，做好農業(yè)防災減災工作至關重要。

　　【農機網 地方農機】當前山西省秋糧已進入灌漿成熟期，即將大面積收獲。據氣象部門預測，9月21日至10月10日，山西省北、中部地區(qū)平均氣溫較常年偏高0.5℃左右，南部地區(qū)較常年偏高1.0℃左右；北、中部大部分地區(qū)降水偏多2-3成，南部大部分地區(qū)偏多1-2成。打贏“三秋”生產關鍵仗，確保全年糧食豐收，做好農業(yè)防災減災工作至關重要。各級農業(yè)農村部門要認真貫徹落實習近平總書記關于防災減災救災重要指示批示精神，按照省委、省政府決策部署，落實《農業(yè)農村部辦公廳關于全力抓好“三秋”期間農業(yè)防災減災工作的通知》要求，提高政治站位，強化組織領導，把抓好“三秋”期間農業(yè)防災減災工作作為當前“三農”工作重要任務，汲取2021年最強秋汛的教訓和“雙減雙搶”的經驗，牢固樹立“防災就是增產、減損就是增糧”的理念，立足于防、著眼于細，全力以赴抓好各項工作措施落實，確保秋糧豐收到手、秋冬種面積落實。
 
　　一、未雨綢繆加強監(jiān)測預警。科學防災減災是確保秋糧豐收的收官之戰(zhàn)，是保證秋播糧食面積的關鍵一役。各市縣要密切關注天氣變化，把各項防范應對工作做在前、做到位，防患于未然。積極與氣象、水利等部門聯合會商，準確分析研判天氣條件和災害發(fā)生趨勢，利用氣象直通車等多種形式，及時發(fā)布預警信息，做好防范準備，確保做到預警信息到戶、防御措施到田。加強災情調度和應急值守，準確掌握雨情、墑情和雷暴大風等災情，組織農技人員分區(qū)域、分類型、分作物評估災害影響，及時報告災情。
 
　　二、多措并舉做好秋收防災。各市縣要加強農田排查，重點檢查低洼地帶、易積水農田、河道附近地塊的排灌設施，中南部各市縣要全面排查易積水的低洼地塊，及時組織疏浚、加固渠道，確保排水暢通；做好菜地、果園、設施農業(yè)等排水防澇，修繕加固設施大棚。加強搶收準備，摸清家底，備足收獲機具，統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調服務和農機跨區(qū)作業(yè)調度，抓好機收減損，提高機收質量。強化應急救援，依托農機合作社建立排灌隊伍，配備排水機械、設施，提升疏通溝渠、搶排田間積水應急能力。重點縣要制定搶收搶烘應急作業(yè)工作預案，組建農機應急作業(yè)隊，調度準備水泵、履帶式收割機、烘干機具等防汛抗災裝備，建立烘干主體和履帶式收割機清單。加強適時收獲，加強技術指導，推廣玉米適期晚收技術，延長灌漿時間、增加粒重；大豆、油菜等油料作物要成熟一塊、收獲一塊，收獲時應避開中午高溫時段，減少炸莢損失；大豆玉米帶狀復合種植田在收獲時需注意選擇適宜的農機具；大田作物要防范早霜凍害。
 
　　三、千方百計做好秋耕秋播。強化物資儲備，要備足優(yōu)質小麥種子，做好化肥供應，保障耕種農機等，確保秋播順利。強化適時播種。小麥主產區(qū)市縣要全力抓好小麥生產，確保面積只增不減；落實種子包衣、藥劑拌種等措施，提高播種質量，確保一播全苗。針對可能出現的暖冬，可推廣“雙晚技術”，因地制宜推行小麥晚播技術，落實播后鎮(zhèn)壓、澆水保苗等措施，防止出現凍害，確保安全越冬；對于受澇積水、土壤濕度過大地塊，要加強排水、瀝水，做好適墑播種。冬油菜播種區(qū)要注意播前多耙耱，達到上虛下實，地平土綿。強化秋冬整地。冬閑田要在作物收獲后，及時深耕、深松整地，做好納雨蓄墑。
 
　　四、全力以赴抓好組織領導。各級農業(yè)農村部門主要領導要親自抓，分管領導具體抓，農技、農機人員抓具體，組織產業(yè)技術體系專家和農技人員制定秋冬種技術指導意見，深化萬名農技人員下鄉(xiāng)活動，組織農技專家蹲點包片，深入田間指導生產、解決問題，推進各項關鍵措施落實，確保責任到人、落實到田、豐收在手。落實日調度制度，及時掌握秋收秋種進度，組織農機等服務隊為進度較慢的地區(qū)提供幫助。加強技術培訓，依托高素質農民培訓等，線上線下、點對點及時解答技術問題。加強秋冬季農事用火管控，消除農事用火隱患，確保不發(fā)生火災事故。認真總結各地“三秋”生產的成功經驗、高產典型，通過廣播、電視、報刊等新聞媒體廣為宣傳，營造慶豐收、保糧安的良好社會氛圍。

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