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農業(yè)農村部答復：發(fā)展智慧農業(yè)保障糧食安全

———對十四屆全國人大一次會議第7947號建議的答復摘要
2023-08-11 09:46:18 來源：農業(yè)農村部 閱讀量：12399 評論

導讀：韓秋香代表提出的關于發(fā)展智慧農業(yè)保障糧食安全的建議收悉。經(jīng)商國家發(fā)展改革委、自然資源部、國家糧食和儲備局,現(xiàn)答復如下:

　　韓秋香代表:
 
　　您提出的關于發(fā)展智慧農業(yè)保障糧食安全的建議收悉。經(jīng)商國家發(fā)展改革委、自然資源部、國家糧食和儲備局,現(xiàn)答復如下:
 
　　一、關于實行全球智慧儲備
 
　　近年來,我部會同相關部門積極擴大糧食和重要農產品貿易,建立農產品貿易預警調節(jié)機制,全力保障農產品供應穩(wěn)價。一是增加農產品進口來源。全力支持舉辦中國國際進口博覽會,加強與“一帶一路”共建國家在農業(yè)貿易領域的合作,在穩(wěn)定傳統(tǒng)進口來源渠道基礎上,拓展新的進口來源。組建農業(yè)貿易預警救濟專家委員會,圍繞糧棉油糖肉乳等重要農產品的全球農情、市場價格、貿易形勢及主要風險進行持續(xù)監(jiān)測,定期開展專家會商,每月形成《國際農產品市場價格與貿易形勢月報》,科學引導市場預期。二是增加企業(yè)國際性儲備。我部作為農業(yè)對外合作部際聯(lián)席會議機制牽頭單位,與國家發(fā)展改革委、商務部等21個成員單位一道,推動農業(yè)“走出去”,支持鼓勵國內糧食企業(yè)赴外開展糧食及農產品生產、加工、倉儲物流合作。聚焦重點國家、重點產業(yè),通過農資、農機、農技、加工等一體化服務,與當?shù)剞r場建立緊密合作紐帶,通過加強境外農業(yè)合作園區(qū)建設、推動農業(yè)服務貿易等,支持企業(yè)抱團出海。三是提升大豆和油料作物產量。啟動實施國家大豆和油料產能提升工程,采取超常超強舉措推動大豆和油料擴種。制定印發(fā)2022年大豆油料擴種行動方案和指導意見,啟動農墾帶頭擴種大豆油料行動,整合政策項目,重點支持大豆油料生產。2022年大豆種植面積達到1.54億畝,比上年增加2743萬畝,是1958年以來最高年份;大豆產量2028萬噸,比上年增產389萬噸。
 
　　下一步,我部將進一步完善農產品監(jiān)測、分析、發(fā)布等工作機制,強化監(jiān)測預警和救濟保障作用。繼續(xù)發(fā)揮部際聯(lián)席會議作用,健全“走出去”企業(yè)政策支持和服務保障體系。深入實施國家大豆和油料產能提升工程,加力擴種大豆油料,提升我國大豆和食用植物油產能和自給率。
 
　　二、關于加強土地智慧管理
 
　　近年來,我部會同相關部門利用多種措施不斷加強耕地管理,提高土地利用效率。一是構建全國農田建設綜合監(jiān)測監(jiān)管平臺。對農田建設、耕地質量等進行全程管理,積極指導地方探索開展耕地建設、保護和數(shù)字化管理,構建耕地智能管理新格局。二是建立農情監(jiān)測預警體系。初步構建集衛(wèi)星遙感觀測、無人機近地監(jiān)測、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境實時監(jiān)測于一體的“天空地一體化”農情監(jiān)測信息網(wǎng)絡,實現(xiàn)農業(yè)氣象條件、作物苗情、土壤墑情等多種不同類型的農情監(jiān)測預警。三是加強土地保護。會同有關部門結合實施國家黑土地保護工程和東北黑土地保護利用項目,積極探索黑土地保護綜合技術模式,治理黑土地“變薄”、“變瘦”、“變硬”問題。會同相關部門印發(fā)《國家黑土地保護工程實施方案(2021—2025年)》,提出“十四五”期間實施黑土地保護利用任務面積1億畝,每年安排中央轉移支付資金8億元在東北4省(自治區(qū))開展黑土地保護利用項目。
 
　　下一步,我部將會同有關部門,加強農情監(jiān)測和黑土地保護,充分運用第三次全國土壤普查成果,推動農田管理智能化轉型。
 
　　三、關于完善政策保障方面
 
　　近年來,我部會同相關部門認真貫徹落實黨中央、國務院決策部署,完善強農惠農政策,夯實農業(yè)發(fā)展基礎。一是增加制度保障。加快培育新型農業(yè)經(jīng)營主體,中央財政農業(yè)生產發(fā)展資金項目將縣級以上農民合作社(聯(lián)合社)示范社和示范家庭農場作為支持重點,加強新型農業(yè)經(jīng)營主體倉儲、加工等關鍵環(huán)節(jié)能力建設。指導各地培育壯大龍頭企業(yè),支持龍頭企業(yè)與合作社、家庭農場、農戶通過保底收購、股份分紅等形式,構建緊密利益聯(lián)結機制和風險防范機制,形成農業(yè)產業(yè)化聯(lián)合體。指導地方根據(jù)自然資源稟賦和產業(yè)基礎,制定配套的農業(yè)產業(yè)政策。實施產業(yè)融合項目,通過優(yōu)化產業(yè)布局、提升基地水平等舉措,充分延伸產業(yè)鏈條,促進農村一二三產業(yè)融合發(fā)展。二是增加要素投入。積極拓展資金來源,會同財政部等部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關于加強中央財政銜接推進鄉(xiāng)村振興補助資金使用管理的指導意見》,指導地方將資金優(yōu)先用于支持聯(lián)農帶農富農產業(yè)發(fā)展,促進產業(yè)提檔升級、提質增效?！度珖F(xiàn)代設施農業(yè)建設規(guī)劃(2023—2030年)》提出,鼓勵地方政府和社會資本以市場化方式探索設立現(xiàn)代設施農業(yè)投資基金,支持社會資本有序參與現(xiàn)代設施農業(yè)建設。2023年中央層面安排專門資金支持設施農業(yè)建設貸款貼息。加強網(wǎng)絡基礎設施建設,工業(yè)和信息化部聯(lián)合財政部先后開展九批電信普遍服務,支持全國13萬個行政村光纖網(wǎng)絡建設和7.9萬個農村4G、5G基站建設,推動全國行政村實現(xiàn)“村村通寬帶”。探索解決承包地細碎化問題,總結地方“小田并大田”等經(jīng)驗,在農民自愿前提下,探索形成解決承包地細碎化的措施和路徑。三是加強產業(yè)鏈安全。國家糧食和儲備局著眼產購儲加銷全鏈條各環(huán)節(jié),統(tǒng)籌抓好保供穩(wěn)價、糧食收購、儲備調節(jié)、監(jiān)測預警、節(jié)糧減損等各項工作。
 
　　下一步,我部將指導各地多措并舉,加快培育新型農業(yè)經(jīng)營主體,積極拓寬融資渠道,加強農村網(wǎng)絡等基礎設施建設,為全方位夯實糧食安全根基提供有力支撐。
 
　　感謝您對我部工作的關心,希望繼續(xù)對三農工作給予支持。
 
　　農業(yè)農村部
　　2023年8月7日

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