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甘肅省通報(bào)2022年小麥聯(lián)合收割機(jī)質(zhì)量調(diào)查情況的函

2023-03-27 10:53:51 來源:甘肅省農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化技術(shù)推廣總站 閱讀量:15431 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀:本次調(diào)查范圍為慶陽、定西、酒泉、張掖、金昌、蘭州市等6個(gè)小麥主產(chǎn)地區(qū)。調(diào)查的企業(yè)、產(chǎn)品型號(hào)。

  關(guān)于通報(bào)2022年甘肅省小麥聯(lián)合收割機(jī)質(zhì)量調(diào)查情況的函
 
  各市(州)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局,各有關(guān)農(nóng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)企業(yè):
 
  依據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化促進(jìn)法》和《農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械質(zhì)量調(diào)查辦法》(農(nóng)業(yè)部令第69號(hào)),結(jié)合《農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化管理司關(guān)于下達(dá)2022年農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械質(zhì)量調(diào)查計(jì)劃的通知》(農(nóng)機(jī)管〔2022〕14號(hào)),我省以部省聯(lián)動(dòng)方式,開展了在用小麥聯(lián)合收割機(jī)質(zhì)量調(diào)查?,F(xiàn)將調(diào)查情況通報(bào)如下:
 
  一、基本情況
 
  本次調(diào)查范圍為慶陽、定西、酒泉、張掖、金昌、蘭州市等6個(gè)小麥主產(chǎn)地區(qū)。調(diào)查的企業(yè)、產(chǎn)品型號(hào)、調(diào)查樣品數(shù)量是由農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化總站《關(guān)于印發(fā)<2022年用于收割小麥的谷物聯(lián)合收割機(jī)質(zhì)量調(diào)查和收獲損失率調(diào)查實(shí)施方案>的通知》統(tǒng)一安排確定的,我省共調(diào)查了3家企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的4個(gè)型號(hào)100個(gè)產(chǎn)品。調(diào)查樣品從2019年或2020年銷售、享受農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼且使用滿一個(gè)作業(yè)季節(jié)的小麥?zhǔn)崭顧C(jī)中隨機(jī)選取。調(diào)查采取用戶滿意度評(píng)價(jià)的方法進(jìn)行,由用戶對(duì)其使用的小麥?zhǔn)崭顧C(jī)安全性、可靠性、適用性以及售后服務(wù)狀況(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“三性一狀況”)4項(xiàng)內(nèi)容分別進(jìn)行滿意度評(píng)價(jià)。調(diào)查人員通過現(xiàn)場(chǎng)詢問、查驗(yàn)、取證后,按評(píng)價(jià)方法計(jì)算得出相應(yīng)型號(hào)產(chǎn)品“三性一狀況”的單項(xiàng)滿意度和綜合滿意度評(píng)價(jià)分值。滿意度評(píng)價(jià)分5檔:[90,100]為“很滿意”,[75,90)為“滿意”,[60,75)為“一般”,[40,60)為“不滿意”,[0,40)為“很不滿意”。
 
  二、調(diào)查結(jié)果
 
  調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,用戶對(duì)小麥聯(lián)合收割機(jī)總體滿意度評(píng)價(jià)得分為79.99分,屬于“滿意”檔次。對(duì)“三性一狀況”中單項(xiàng)滿意度平均得分分別為:安全性82.22分、可靠性86.51分、適用性75.96分,售后服務(wù)狀況73.71分,安全性、可靠性、適用性達(dá)到了“滿意”檔次;售后服務(wù)狀況為“一般”檔次。適用性、售后服務(wù)狀況滿意度評(píng)價(jià)得分較低,表明用戶對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量總體認(rèn)可,但在產(chǎn)品適用性和售后服務(wù)狀況方面還有較大提升空間。
 
  小麥?zhǔn)崭顧C(jī)質(zhì)量調(diào)查用戶評(píng)分情況詳見下表:


 

  三、發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題
 
  從調(diào)查情況看,小麥?zhǔn)崭顧C(jī)質(zhì)量狀況整體能夠滿足我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的實(shí)際需要,但也存在一些需要重視的問題。
 
  (一)安全性問題。主要表現(xiàn)為部分產(chǎn)品危險(xiǎn)部位安全標(biāo)志缺失;安全防護(hù)部件拆卸情況比較突出,有65%的被調(diào)查機(jī)具存在傳動(dòng)(運(yùn)動(dòng))件或發(fā)熱部件防護(hù)罩被擅自拆卸的現(xiàn)象;加裝、改造產(chǎn)品部件現(xiàn)象較為普遍,有48%的被調(diào)查機(jī)具存在此種現(xiàn)象。
 
  (二)可靠性問題。被調(diào)查機(jī)具使用過程中,故障發(fā)生頻次高低依次為:1.脫粒系統(tǒng)故障。籽粒升運(yùn)器和雜余升運(yùn)器斷損、脫粒滾筒損壞、籽粒輸送螺旋(糧箱內(nèi))斷損、魚鱗篩片脫落、卸糧螺旋軸損壞等。2.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)故障。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)拉缸、油底殼破裂、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)過熱、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)三漏等。3.行走底盤系統(tǒng)故障。橡膠履帶斷裂、變速主傳動(dòng)箱齒輪損壞、導(dǎo)向輪軸承損壞、支重輪漏油等。嚴(yán)重故障、致命故障主要發(fā)生在上述3個(gè)系統(tǒng)。
 
  (三)適用性問題。9%的機(jī)手對(duì)小麥?zhǔn)崭顧C(jī)作業(yè)的倒伏作物收獲、作業(yè)收獲損失、作物收獲含雜等情況表示“一般”或“不滿意”。
 
  (四)售后服務(wù)問題。售后服務(wù)為此次調(diào)查評(píng)分項(xiàng)中得分最低,反映出部分企業(yè)售后服務(wù)投入資源不足,零部件提供渠道不暢,維修能力不足等問題,造成處理用戶的維修訴求不及時(shí)、維修質(zhì)量不高、售后服務(wù)體驗(yàn)較差。
 
  四、原因分析
 
  針對(duì)存在的問題,經(jīng)調(diào)查分析,主要原因?yàn)椋?br /> 
  (一)安全性方面。一是安全標(biāo)志本身材質(zhì)或背膠質(zhì)量較差、固定方式不可靠或粘貼在易磨損部位等造成標(biāo)志脫落、不夠清晰。二是防護(hù)裝置拆卸安裝復(fù)雜,維修保養(yǎng)機(jī)具不便。
 
  (二)可靠性方面。一是部分企業(yè)對(duì)產(chǎn)品的外購?fù)鈪f(xié)零部件質(zhì)量把關(guān)不嚴(yán)。二是部分企業(yè)對(duì)機(jī)手的培訓(xùn)不夠重視,造成機(jī)手駕駛操作與維護(hù)調(diào)校技能不足。
 
  (三)適用性方面。部分企業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)和驗(yàn)證能力方面存在欠缺,面對(duì)惡劣條件或復(fù)雜作業(yè)情況,機(jī)具性能還不能完全適應(yīng)。
 
  (四)售后服務(wù)方面。一是重視程度不夠。生產(chǎn)企業(yè)只關(guān)注產(chǎn)品銷售,忽視了售后服務(wù)環(huán)節(jié)。二是維修能力供不足需。售后服務(wù)受人才、資金、規(guī)模等因素的影響,造成維修慢、維修難等問題,影響用戶體驗(yàn)。
 
  針對(duì)此次質(zhì)量調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題,我廳將按企業(yè)、產(chǎn)品型號(hào)、發(fā)現(xiàn)問題類型分別制作《質(zhì)量調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)問題追溯單》,上報(bào)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化管理司。
 
  甘肅省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化管理處
 
  2023年3月24日
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