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農(nóng)機裝備有望推動天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展

2022-09-27 13:57:38 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：38549 評論

導(dǎo)讀：近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部日前針對海南代表團提出的關(guān)于給予海南天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展政策支持的建議，作出答復(fù)稱，將推動農(nóng)機裝備服務(wù)海南天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】天然橡膠是世界性的大宗工業(yè)原料，具有工業(yè)品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的雙重屬性，與石油、鋼鐵、煤炭并列為四大工業(yè)原料，是國防和經(jīng)濟建設(shè)不可缺少的戰(zhàn)略物資。長期以來，全球天然橡膠割膠生產(chǎn)完全依靠人工。然而，受橡膠林環(huán)境溫度、空氣濕度等因素影響，嚴(yán)重制約橡膠產(chǎn)量的提高。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，在我國因割膠工人減少導(dǎo)致50%以上的膠樹在一定程度被棄管、棄割，加上野蠻作業(yè)等不規(guī)范割膠容易導(dǎo)致大量樹皮壞死，嚴(yán)重影響天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
 


        因此，天然橡膠生產(chǎn)機械化需求迫切，以解決天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨的膠工短缺，冬管人工作業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率低、成本高的問題。
 
　　去年3月，國家天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系生產(chǎn)機械化崗位和湛江綜合試驗站在廣東農(nóng)墾東升農(nóng)場有限公司聯(lián)合開展丘陵膠園機械化施肥技術(shù)——2FH-L小型履帶式遙控膠園開溝施肥機現(xiàn)場培訓(xùn)和試驗示范。試驗結(jié)果表明，2FH-L小型履帶式遙控膠園開溝施肥機，純工作小時生產(chǎn)率為5.09畝/小時，班次小時生產(chǎn)率為2.93畝/小時，油耗3.05元/畝，與人工作業(yè)相比生產(chǎn)效率提高約2倍，作業(yè)成本降低約20%。小型履帶式遙控膠園開溝施肥機一次性完成開溝、施肥、覆土作業(yè)，可對作業(yè)實時遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控，作業(yè)效果獲得了膠工和農(nóng)場管理人員一致認(rèn)可。
 
　　近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部日前針對海南代表團提出的關(guān)于給予海南天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展政策支持的建議，作出答復(fù)稱，將推動農(nóng)機裝備服務(wù)海南天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部表示，已將天然橡膠機械化生產(chǎn)涉及的耕整、病蟲害防治等通用類機具，以及天然橡膠初加工等應(yīng)用機械納入農(nóng)機購置與應(yīng)用補貼范圍，并明確暫未納入補貼范圍的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品和成套設(shè)施裝備，通過農(nóng)機新產(chǎn)品購置補貼試點予以支持。下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將會同有關(guān)部門，積極研究探索有針對性天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)的政策措施和有效的支持路徑。
 
　　目前，海南省已經(jīng)將電動割膠刀納入補貼范圍。在海南開展天然橡膠生產(chǎn)機械現(xiàn)場觀摩、技術(shù)研討等示范推廣活動，引導(dǎo)橡膠機械化技術(shù)與機具研發(fā)應(yīng)用。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(m.balpclean.com)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、金臺資訊、中國農(nóng)科院農(nóng)機研究所。

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