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北京密云：智能農(nóng)機 大數(shù)據(jù)大幅提高生產(chǎn)效率

2022-05-04 08:48:03 來源：北京農(nóng)機鑒定推廣站 閱讀量：16584 評論

導(dǎo)讀：這臺拖拉機搭載了北京市農(nóng)業(yè)機械試驗鑒定推廣站和中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)聯(lián)合研發(fā)的無人駕駛系統(tǒng).

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】眼下正是春耕備耕時節(jié)，在北京密云的一塊試驗田里，農(nóng)用無人駕駛拖拉機正在按照設(shè)定好的路線深耕田地，精準(zhǔn)又高效。
 

        這臺拖拉機搭載了北京市農(nóng)業(yè)機械試驗鑒定推廣站和中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)聯(lián)合研發(fā)的無人駕駛系統(tǒng)，它不僅具備作業(yè)監(jiān)測、軌跡查詢、圖像監(jiān)控等功能，還能根據(jù)規(guī)劃路線自動行駛、自動掉頭、自主抬升機具。
 
　　北京市農(nóng)業(yè)機械試驗鑒定推廣站工程師 孫夢遙：那么這臺拖拉機有幾個優(yōu)點，一個是非常精準(zhǔn)地控制；第二個，它是一個完全的無級變速的拖拉機，無級變速拖拉機它就有優(yōu)點，它就能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)傳動比和發(fā)動機非常好的配合，能夠達(dá)到節(jié)油的這樣一個目的；第三個是它能夠使這臺拖拉機能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)路徑的自動規(guī)劃，非常地精準(zhǔn)定位位置信息。
 
　　北京市密云區(qū)河南寨農(nóng)機服務(wù)專業(yè)合作社經(jīng)理 高大辛：前年，我投入的包括機手耕整地、播種、澆地、管護(hù)，投入的人工在100余個。今年，我通過這個自動駕駛跟無人駕駛基本上節(jié)約了這些勞動力。通過這個系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，我們下一步可以對機手的績效考核，包括單機的作業(yè)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行下一步總結(jié)，提高我們的工作質(zhì)量。
 


        農(nóng)業(yè)從業(yè)者日漸老齡化，是一個不可回避的現(xiàn)象。但是有了這些智能農(nóng)機裝備，讓操作更簡單便捷，像噴灌機、無人駕駛拖拉機，都能實現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程控制，一鍵啟停。
 
　　北京市密云區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)機械化技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)站站長 方寬偉：就拿這個開拖拉機的機手來說，作業(yè)質(zhì)量高、技術(shù)又好的普遍年齡偏大，所以說咱們智能化無人駕駛技術(shù)的發(fā)展能夠有效減少對機手作業(yè)質(zhì)量的依賴，也就真正解決了今后誰來種地的問題。
 

        農(nóng)業(yè)機械是現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的重要組成部分。智能農(nóng)機不僅能集約耕種土地、提高生產(chǎn)效率、降低人力成本，還能實時監(jiān)測，形成作業(yè)大數(shù)據(jù)。
 
　　北京市農(nóng)業(yè)機械試驗鑒定推廣站科長 徐嵐?。?/strong>我們的所有的數(shù)據(jù)都是依托于農(nóng)機上的監(jiān)測終端，通過北斗衛(wèi)星的定位功能，和傳感器技術(shù)集成，我們就可以實時地監(jiān)測農(nóng)機、機具、作業(yè)的情況，最后形成農(nóng)機作業(yè)的大數(shù)據(jù)。
 

       依托農(nóng)機信息化管理系統(tǒng)所生成的大數(shù)據(jù)有著重要意義。農(nóng)機的地理位置、行駛狀態(tài)、作業(yè)狀態(tài)、作業(yè)質(zhì)量等數(shù)據(jù)顯示在系統(tǒng)中并在地圖上生成相應(yīng)記錄，可以從宏觀上統(tǒng)計農(nóng)機情況、分析農(nóng)機使用效率、農(nóng)機作業(yè)分布等，提高了農(nóng)機和作業(yè)管理的科學(xué)性。
 
　　北京市農(nóng)業(yè)機械試驗鑒定推廣站工程師 孫夢遙：在原有的指針式噴灌機的基礎(chǔ)上我們加裝了北斗定位裝置、流量灌溉的監(jiān)測裝置，還有水肥一體化的裝置，從而可以實現(xiàn)手機APP的遠(yuǎn)程控制，可以實時掌握噴灌機所在的位置，還有灌溉的流量。同時，我們在這個基地也設(shè)置了安裝了小型的氣象站，還有土壤的傳感器，可以實現(xiàn)對整個基地小氣候以及土壤墑情的一個監(jiān)測。
 
　　北京市農(nóng)業(yè)機械試驗鑒定推廣站科長 徐嵐俊：就拿北京市推廣的深松整地作業(yè)來說，通過作業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測技術(shù)，能夠?qū)崟r監(jiān)測到我們每個地塊里邊無數(shù)個點的深松的深度的情況，包括深松機作業(yè)時的圖像信息。
 

        目前北京市一共推廣應(yīng)用了463臺作業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測終端，如果能夠在耕種管收四個環(huán)節(jié)全面推廣，形成真正的農(nóng)機作業(yè)大數(shù)據(jù)，日后的管理會更加便捷、科學(xué)、精準(zhǔn)。
 

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