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多元合力開展甘蔗生產(chǎn)全程機械化推進活動

2020-12-23 09:37:53 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機鑒定總站、農(nóng)機推廣總站 閱讀量：23447 評論

導(dǎo)讀：2020年，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機鑒定總站、農(nóng)機推廣總站積極組織農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部主要農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)全程機械化專家指導(dǎo)組甘蔗組(部甘蔗專家組)開展工作，加強與華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)、福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)等*專家的聯(lián)系，充分發(fā)揮廣西、云南、廣東等省級農(nóng)機推廣站的協(xié)調(diào)、落實作用，開展了一系列富有成效、影響廣泛的甘蔗生產(chǎn)全程機械化推進活動

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 2020年，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機鑒定總站、農(nóng)機推廣總站(以下簡稱“部總站”)積極組織農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部主要農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)全程機械化專家指導(dǎo)組甘蔗組(部甘蔗專家組)開展工作，加強與華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)、福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)等專家的聯(lián)系，充分發(fā)揮廣西、云南、廣東等省級農(nóng)機推廣站的協(xié)調(diào)、落實作用，開展了一系列富有成效、影響廣泛的甘蔗生產(chǎn)全程機械化推進活動。
 
　　在今年疫情影響的情況下，4月9日，部總站協(xié)同廣西農(nóng)業(yè)機械化服務(wù)中心等36家單位(機構(gòu)、平臺)，共同發(fā)起舉辦了主題為“融合 創(chuàng)新 賦能”的“甘蔗機械化線上交流”活動，邀請甘蔗產(chǎn)業(yè)各領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)人士發(fā)表專題報告，共同深入交流探討。該項活動得到了行業(yè)廣泛關(guān)注，微信群開通不到1周就達到了500人數(shù)限值，從4月至7月的4個月內(nèi)，共有71位來自甘蔗產(chǎn)業(yè)的科研、教學(xué)、生產(chǎn)企業(yè)、農(nóng)機管理部門、農(nóng)機推廣機構(gòu)、農(nóng)機合作社、社會組織等單位的71位專業(yè)人士，進行了技術(shù)研究、應(yīng)用實踐、問題探討、方案提出、政策展望等方面的線上交流發(fā)言，形成了68篇有價值的報告匯編。通過這次活動，加強了行業(yè)交流，在推進甘蔗生產(chǎn)全程機械化的技術(shù)路線、生產(chǎn)模式和全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展路徑上，達成了一定共識，提出了可供借鑒的意見和建議。
 
　　9月16日，2020年甘蔗機械化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研討會在安徽蕪湖舉辦，部甘蔗專家組、國家糖料產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系的專家，以及廣西、廣東、福建、海南等省的雙高基地、種植企業(yè)(戶)、農(nóng)機合作社、制糖企業(yè)等甘蔗產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上的業(yè)內(nèi)專家60余人參加了研討會，對線上交流活動成果進行了總結(jié)，對2020-2021年甘蔗榨季加大機收推廣力度，解決全程機械化制約瓶頸，切實兼顧蔗農(nóng)、機手和糖廠三方利益，提出了解決方案和政策建議。
 
　　在2020-2021年廣西甘蔗榨季和中國-東盟農(nóng)業(yè)機械暨甘蔗機械化博覽會期間，徐振興副站長作了“甘蔗機械化生產(chǎn)的思考”專題報告，部總站聯(lián)合部甘蔗專家組、廣西農(nóng)機化服務(wù)中心開展了甘蔗機械化收獲對比試驗，通過對比試驗，收集匯總蔗農(nóng)和機收隊采用整稈式帶葉帶稍機收、切段式機收方式和人工砍收的作業(yè)成本、效率等相關(guān)指標(biāo)的比對，估算3種收獲方式在制取原糖和精糖過程中達到同樣質(zhì)量的成品所需人工、物質(zhì)和時間投入和成本的差異。通過兩方面的數(shù)據(jù)收集、分析，形成試驗報告，為甘蔗機收發(fā)展提供理論指導(dǎo)和參考，加快推進甘蔗機械化收獲技術(shù)的應(yīng)用推廣。
 
　　12月16日-18日，在廣西融安縣大良春滿農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社的甘蔗種植田塊，開展了3種模式的田間作業(yè)成本、生產(chǎn)效率和葉稍含雜率進行對比試驗分析。
 
　　12月22日，在廣西鳳糖柳州雒容糖廠開展了30噸全稈甘蔗試榨試驗，分析可能存在的生產(chǎn)工藝和配套技術(shù)問題，提出改進完善措施，為下一步整班次全稈甘蔗壓榨制糖做好準(zhǔn)備。
 
　　如果此項試驗獲得成功，在作業(yè)成本、效率、損失率、破頭率、運輸效率、含雜率、宿根出苗率等機收關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)上，達到糖廠、蔗農(nóng)、機收公司(或組織)等各方利益平衡兼顧，探索出適合中國國情的甘蔗機械化收獲生產(chǎn)模式，將極大地緩解當(dāng)前甘蔗收獲機的利用率低、農(nóng)民購機無效益、現(xiàn)有推廣模式離開國家補貼難以為繼的尷尬局面，有力地推動我國甘蔗生產(chǎn)機械化和蔗糖產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。(農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機鑒定總站、農(nóng)機推廣總站經(jīng)作機械處供稿)

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