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關(guān)于蔬菜機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)模式的經(jīng)驗(yàn)推廣

2018-03-26 16:00:50 來源：中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 閱讀量：22604 評論

導(dǎo)讀：近年來，我國來糧食生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化的推廣上花費(fèi)了大量的精力，旨在早日實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化的目標(biāo)，但是糧食雖重要，蔬菜作為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ?的食用品，其機(jī)械化進(jìn)程亦同樣重要。

　　【中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】 勞動力緊缺是近年來農(nóng)村暴露出的一個比較明顯的問題，但我國的主要糧食作物和經(jīng)濟(jì)作物還得依靠農(nóng)村勞動力，因此，解決勞動力緊缺的問題便成為了重中之重。勞動力緊缺所帶來的問題是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率降低、耕地被棄用，究其原因，改變生產(chǎn)方式才是解決勞動力緊缺的根本。
 
　　近年來，我國來糧食生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化的推廣上花費(fèi)了大量的精力，旨在早日實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化的目標(biāo)，但是糧食雖重要，蔬菜作為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ?的食用品，其機(jī)械化進(jìn)程亦同樣重要。
 
關(guān)于蔬菜機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)模式的經(jīng)驗(yàn)推廣
 
　　近日，北京市永盛園農(nóng)業(yè)種植中心園區(qū)內(nèi)就上演了一場為京津冀地區(qū)葉菜種植選取適宜移栽機(jī)的“選秀”活動。
 
　　演示會現(xiàn)場，7臺不同品牌不同性能的移栽機(jī)在技術(shù)人員的指揮下依次開往田間。采用現(xiàn)場比試的方法，邀請鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)以及專家對京郊范圍內(nèi)應(yīng)用較好、技術(shù)先進(jìn)的多種移栽機(jī)機(jī)型的性能進(jìn)行綜合評價，實(shí)現(xiàn)對典型葉菜、果菜適宜移栽機(jī)進(jìn)行選型與排序，力爭以小的人力、物力、時間投入，以鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)檢測、相關(guān)專家和用戶打分結(jié)合的選型方式，客觀、科學(xué)、公正地對參加選型的機(jī)具評選、排序，為農(nóng)民選擇安全可靠、先進(jìn)適用的農(nóng)機(jī)提供有效依據(jù)，為農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)推廣做好服務(wù)，也為政府機(jī)構(gòu)決策提供理論依據(jù)，推動葉菜機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)向全程、全面、高質(zhì)、邁進(jìn)。
 
　　以蔬菜為都市農(nóng)業(yè)主導(dǎo)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的武漢今日在推廣露地蔬菜生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化，武漢市農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化技術(shù)推廣指導(dǎo)中心專家深入漢南區(qū)鄧南街推進(jìn)主要農(nóng)作物(露地蔬菜)生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化試驗(yàn)示范項(xiàng)目，并與漢南區(qū)農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站、合作社負(fù)責(zé)人等交流了項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展情況。此次項(xiàng)目實(shí)施地點(diǎn)位于漢南區(qū)鄧南街，主要蔬菜種植種類為白蘿卜、甘藍(lán)，項(xiàng)目區(qū)示范面積5000畝。
 
　　該中心在示范區(qū)重點(diǎn)開展露地蔬菜精量播種、移栽以及植保等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)機(jī)械化技術(shù)試驗(yàn)示范，達(dá)到省種、肥、藥，降低生產(chǎn)成本，減輕農(nóng)民勞動強(qiáng)度，提高工效的效果；通過科學(xué)配置露地蔬菜生產(chǎn)作業(yè)機(jī)械，減輕廢氣的排放，降低農(nóng)藥、化肥使用量，實(shí)現(xiàn)“一控兩減”目標(biāo)，終探索形成具有區(qū)域特色的周年生產(chǎn)封閉式全程機(jī)械化工藝路線及實(shí)用性強(qiáng)、可復(fù)制、可推廣、可持續(xù)的全程機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)模式，從而輻射帶動周邊同類地區(qū)加快實(shí)現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化。
 
　　蔬菜機(jī)械化推廣不是一朝一夕的事，需要長時間的探索和實(shí)踐才能摸索出一條適合的道路。我國由于地形復(fù)雜，各地的氣候也不盡相同，不同的地形以及氣候?qū)ψ魑镆灿胁煌挠绊?，只有不斷地?shí)踐，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，才能探索出一條可推廣、可復(fù)制并能廣泛傳播的蔬菜機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)模式。

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