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你們真的不知道在中國養(yǎng)小龍蝦有多難!
2017-09-19
13:28:44
來源:中國農機網 閱讀量:50953
評論
導讀:據媒體報道,小龍蝦學名克氏原螯蝦,原產美國,1930年隨著美國商船進入日本境內。每年夏秋之際(5-11月)北海道釧路市阿寒湖旁,都會有人前來捕獲一種中國人很熟悉的水產:小龍蝦。但是當?shù)夭东@小龍蝦并非為了一嘗美味,而是嚴密控制這種外來物種的擴張,防止破壞湖水生態(tài)。
【中國農機網 本站原創(chuàng)】每年5月下旬開始,長江以南的地區(qū)就是吃小龍蝦的天堂,比如湖北湖南小龍蝦餐館的叫賣,“吃蝦子開始了,吃蝦子開始了,本店特惠XXX”。因為在6月到8月,這期間的小龍蝦為肥美。殊不知,小龍蝦在日本卻成為了當?shù)赝鈦砦锓N禍害的典型代表。
據媒體報道,小龍蝦學名克氏原螯蝦,原產美國,1930年隨著美國商船進入日本境內。每年夏秋之際(5-11月)北海道釧路市阿寒湖旁,都會有人前來捕獲一種中國人很熟悉的水產:小龍蝦。但是當?shù)夭东@小龍蝦并非為了一嘗美味,而是嚴密控制這種外來物種的擴張,防止破壞湖水生態(tài)。
由于小龍蝦繁衍太快,1980年代開始當?shù)卣试S漁民圍捕小龍蝦。當?shù)匦『⒆佑袝r候也會幫忙捉蝦,每年大約有4噸的收貨量。但是小龍蝦的繁衍速度實在太快,單靠捕撈完全無法根除這種生物。所以當?shù)氐拇髮W、農業(yè)研究所等對小龍蝦的繁殖習慣、生活習性進行跟蹤觀察,以確定更科學的驅逐方法。
在阿寒湖捕獲的小龍蝦,也會被當?shù)厝嗣駠L試送到東京等大城市里當成食材。但是這部分數(shù)量很少,販賣小龍蝦的收入也只占了漁民總收入的4%。因此,大家對賣小龍蝦還是沒有太大的興趣。
那些多余的小龍蝦怎么辦呢?那只好當場人道毀滅,漁民直接踩碎了,當成肥料了。網友大呼,這又在騙我們去日本吃蝦的節(jié)奏?;蛟S,北海道當?shù)厝嗣裾娴牟恢涝谥袊鵀榱顺晕r,養(yǎng)殖的過程有多么艱辛。
養(yǎng)蝦也是技術活,不要簡單地以為人工養(yǎng)殖淡水河蝦,只需定時投放飼料。
首先,育苗設施有講究。工廠化育苗設施主要有室內孵化池、臺苗池、供水系統(tǒng)、供氣系統(tǒng)及應急供電設備等。繁殖池、育苗池的面積一般為12~20米²,池水1米左右,建有進排水系統(tǒng)及供氣設施,進排水管道以塑料制品為好。
其次,水源是基本也是重要的因素,它決定著水質條件和養(yǎng)殖成敗。一般要求水源穩(wěn)定、充足、清潔、衛(wèi)生、水溫適宜,水質良好,無任何污染,符合國家漁業(yè)水質標準,同時要求注、排水方便,且單排單注。在注、排水口要建好攔魚網具,既避免敵害生物及野雜魚入池,又可防止各種養(yǎng)殖品種的逃逸。
第三,要增產須調節(jié)水質。精養(yǎng)池塘應配備專門的增氧機,一般在晴天的中午2時-3時開機增氧,有浮頭危險時也可開機增氧。增氧機具有增氧、攪水和曝氣的功能,是目前有效的改善水質、防止浮頭、提高產量的專用養(yǎng)殖機械之一。因此,在池塘養(yǎng)殖小龍蝦時,高產池塘需要使用增氧機。目前,我國已生產出噴水式、水車式、管葉式、涌噴式、射流式和葉輪式等類型的增氧機,其中以葉輪式增氧機增氧效果好,在小龍蝦池塘養(yǎng)殖中使用也廣泛。
據水產專家試驗表明,使用增氧機的池塘凈產可增長14%左右。在高產池塘里合理使用增氧機,具有以下作用:一是促進池塘 內物質循環(huán)的速度,能充分利用水體;二是提前開啟機器,能有效預防浮頭,穩(wěn)定水質;三是在浮頭發(fā)生時,開啟增氧機,可直接解救浮頭,防止池塘進一步惡化為泛塘現(xiàn)象;四是可增加魚種和小龍蝦苗種的放養(yǎng)密度和增加投喂施肥量,從而提高產量。
雖然,高產養(yǎng)殖小龍蝦的技術不止這些,但足以看出,這個在北海道*繁殖,被視為外來入侵生物的小龍蝦,在中國人工養(yǎng)殖卻還是個精細活。
注:中國農機網原創(chuàng),轉載請注明出處,違者必究!
資料數(shù)據參考:水產資料大全
圖片來源:互聯(lián)網
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