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“農(nóng)殘”標準升級 植保機械莫錯過良機

2017-02-24 11:07:44 來源:中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 閱讀量:46397 評論

導讀:“民以食為天,食以質為先”,隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高及健康意識的增強,食品安全問題一直關注度高的話題。2016年,我國主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品例行監(jiān)測總體合格率為97.5%,同比上升0.4個百分點,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全保持穩(wěn)中向好態(tài)勢。

  【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】“民以食為天,食以質為先”,隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高及健康意識的增強,食品安全問題一直關注度高的話題。2016年,我國主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品例行監(jiān)測總體合格率為97.5%,同比上升0.4個百分點,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全保持穩(wěn)中向好態(tài)勢。
 
  但與此同時,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全問題隱患依然存在,化學性污染,尤其農(nóng)藥殘留是造成農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全隱患的主要原因之一。如何從源頭上控制污染?改變舊的植保理念,建立新的植保模式已成為今后我國農(nóng)業(yè)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要方向。
 
  “農(nóng)殘”標準升級 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量要求顯著提升
 
  保障農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全,落實農(nóng)藥化肥“零增長”是關鍵。2017年中央一號文件繼續(xù)推動農(nóng)業(yè)供給側改革,聚焦“三農(nóng)”。在這一輪農(nóng)業(yè)供給側改革中,突出、重要的是解決綠色、安全和放心問題。
 
  自2010年以來,農(nóng)業(yè)部組織制定了387種農(nóng)藥的殘留限量標準5450項,涉及284種農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。同時,還制定了《食品中農(nóng)藥殘留風險評估指南》、《食品中農(nóng)藥大殘留限量制定指南》和《農(nóng)藥每日允許攝入量制定指南》等技術規(guī)范。治理“農(nóng)殘”,順應百姓對安全農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的新期待。今年2月8日,國務院常務會議通過《農(nóng)藥管理條例(修訂草案)》,圍繞保障農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全,將原由多部門負責的農(nóng)藥生產(chǎn)管理職責統(tǒng)一劃歸農(nóng)業(yè)部門,“農(nóng)殘”標準得到進一步升級。
 
  顯然,隨著人們對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品要求的不斷提升,國家也在不斷努力中。要想解決農(nóng)殘問題,光是制定標準還不夠,需要從源頭治理。
 
  農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全與植保技術息息相關
 
  農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的農(nóng)藥殘留是造成農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全的主要原因,而農(nóng)藥的殘留與農(nóng)作物植保方式息息相關,主要表現(xiàn)在兩個方面。
 
  ,植保技術使用不當。在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,由于病蟲害的威脅,實施植保措施有利于保證農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量,但是為使效果更佳,人們往往會超標實施化肥農(nóng)藥,這樣即使讓農(nóng)產(chǎn)品獲得相當程度的高產(chǎn),同時也給病蟲害再次侵染創(chuàng)造了有利條件;第二,植保技術不成熟。目前,在我國很多地區(qū)仍以人工施藥為主,每畝打多少、如何分配比例依然難以把握。傳統(tǒng)的植保方式與農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全之間的矛盾越來越突出,如何改變這種現(xiàn)狀,引發(fā)大家的深思。
 
  響應農(nóng)藥化肥“零增長”號召 植保機械迎接新機遇
  
  植保是農(nóng)業(yè)防災減災的主要措施,也是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品安全的技術保障。為響應農(nóng)藥化肥“零增長”號召,我國諸多地區(qū)利用農(nóng)機購置補貼等政策和重大病蟲統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治等項目,扶持社會化服務組織,引進新型植保機械,開展統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治,減少盲目施藥、重復施藥,提高農(nóng)藥利用率。這種方式有效的緩解了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全與傳統(tǒng)植保的矛盾,同時也增加了植保機械的市場需求,給植保機械發(fā)展帶來新機遇。
 
  預計未來,各種新型植保機械,如自走式噴桿噴霧機、大型風送彌霧機等將成為主要施藥機械,特別是在玉米、小麥、馬鈴薯、大豆、向日葵等主要作物種植區(qū),使用幾率不斷擴大。植保無人機作業(yè)面積也將逐年增加,尤其在水稻田病害防治上所占比重將越來越大,植保機械需求浪潮即將再度涌來。
 
  結語:農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全關乎國家民生,在新形勢下,改變傳統(tǒng)植保模式,運用植保機械可以有效解決農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)過程中的病蟲害防治難題,顯著降低化學農(nóng)藥的使用量,避免農(nóng)產(chǎn)品中的農(nóng)藥殘留量超標,從而提升農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質量安全水平,打造“舌尖上的安全”。

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